Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

2024 SEM 2 ENV SCI (LEC) > biodiversity > Flashcards

biodiversity Flashcards

1
Q

define biodiversity

A

refers to the variety of life on Earth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what are the levels that biodiversity is observed

A

ecological diversity
species diversity
-species richness
-species evenness
genetic diversity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

briefly explain the different levels of biodiversity

A

ecological diversity: variation of diff ecosystem in a specified area, location, region (higher variety of ecosystem = high ecological diversity)

genetic diversity: variation found within the same species. responsible for the uniqueness of every living organisms (high genetic diversity = wide range of characteristics) fr ex: diff type of banana

species diversity: variation of diff organisms in an ecosystem. measured in terms of the total no. found in a particular area (high variation of species = higher species diversity)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

briefly explain the 2 components of species diversity

A

species richness:
total no. of species in the community (count no. of unique species)
species evenness:
proportion each species represents of the total individuals in the community (describe the distribution & abundance of species)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

how many crops provide our body’s energy requirement

A

30

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

how many species of mammals and birds domesticates for food

A

40

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

how many species account for 90% of livestock production

A

14

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

forests and mountains provide _____ - ___________

A

aquifers - source of water we drink

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what are some type of materials that biodiversity proivde for shelter and clothing

A

fiber
timber
bamboo
cogon
anahaw
rattan

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what are some source of medicine for cancer pain

A

cone snail living in corals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

about ____ of the world’s biodiversity resources with medicinal values are in ____

A

80%
forests

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what are some type of biodiversity brings income to millions

A

livelihood (selling fish, fruit, vege, furniture making)
forestry, agriculture and fisheries
biotechnology, pharmaceuticals
ecotourism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

how does biodiversity soothes

A

nature tripping
mountain climbing
bird watching
inspiration to artists for their masterpieces

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

true or false:
we all depend on biodiversity to survive

A

true

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what are the areas with the highest diversity

A

biodiversity hotspots:
north & south america
africa
europe
asia
australia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what are the 5 biodiversity hotspots

A

tropical andes
sundaland
madgascar
brazil’s atlantic forest
Caribbean

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

what does the 5 hotspots contain

A

endemic plants
vertebrates amounting to at 2% of total species world-wide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

scientists estimate that as many as ___ species per hour are going extinct and ___ extinctions occur each year

A

3
20 000

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

threats to biodiversity

A

habitat destruction
invasive species/ species introduction
pollution
population growth of humans
exploitation/ overharvesting
global climate change

20
Q

what causes habitat destruction (examples)

A

human activities (building town, cities, industrialization and other developments)
natural phenomena (typhoon, wildfires)
overexploitation of natural resources- removed from the environment at a rate faster than it can be replaced

21
Q

what happens to organisms when they loss their habitat

A

lack of food
fewer place to shelter
difficult finding mates
exposure to harmful elements
= population declines = possible extinction

22
Q

these are species that are not a natural part of an area or ecosystem

A

invasive species

23
Q

when does invasive species are introduuced

A

competition happens
displaces normal out of their natural habitat

24
Q

what are some type of invasive species found in the philippines (and its native)

A

golden apple snail (south america)
tilapia (africa)
water lilies (south america)
eurasian sparrow (spain)

25
Q

what is the nickname of the eurasian sparrow and what does it eat

A

winged rat
rice

26
Q

this invasive species decreases the oxygen levels of water, affecting the aquatic organisms

A

water lilies

27
Q

this invasive species is part of a filipino diet

A

tilapia

28
Q

contaminants that change and damage the ecosystem can lead to loss of habitat

A

pollution

29
Q

what happens if there is an increase of human population

A

many will destroy the habitat
intro of invasive species
high amt. of pollution
exploit of natural resources

30
Q

it is the exploitation of natural resources for human consumption

A

overharvesting

31
Q

what are the problems and solutions of biodiversity loss

A

problems: irresponsible human practices contribute to biodiversity loss
solution: humans have the knowledge, expertise and financial resources to conserve biodiversity

32
Q

what are the difference between endangered species and threatened species

A

endangered species: species r on the near possibility of becoming extinct
threatened species: near possibility of becoming endanger

33
Q

philippines have an estimated total of ____described species. ____ plant species and ____ animal species

A

53 000
15 000
38 000

34
Q

what are some selected endangered species in the philippines

A

philippine crocodile (100 indiv)
philippine eagle (400 adult indiv)
philippine wild pigs

35
Q

what are the importance of conserving biodiversity

A

humans are reliant to natural resources: food and meds
ecosystem servces: variety of orhganism participate in many interationns in the enviro

36
Q

differecnce between ex situ conversation and in situ conversation (with examples)

A

ex situ conversation: conserved away from their natural habitat (zoo, aquarium, botanic gardens)
in situ conversation: conserves within their natural habitat (natural parks, natural reserves)

37
Q

what are some examples of ecological diversity

A

forests
rivers
mangroves
marine wetlands

38
Q

true or false:
aside from breathtaking natural attractions, the philippines is also a host to numerous unique species of plants and philippine wildlife

A

true

39
Q

what is the percentage of terrestrial mammals?

A

tamaraw - 65%

40
Q

what is the percentage of birds?

A

cockatoo - 36%

41
Q

what is the percentage of reptiles?

A

crocodile - 69%

42
Q

what is the percentage of amphibians?

A

big-eyed frog - 81%

43
Q

what is the percentage of flora?

A

pitcher - 50%

44
Q

what are some examples of endemic and native plants

A

sanggumay
vanda sanderiana
dona aurora

45
Q

explain why the philippine eagle, crocodile and wild pigs are endangered

A

eagle
crocodile
wild pigs are endangered

2024 SEM 2 ENV SCI (LEC) (13 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions