Biodiversity and agriculture Flashcards

1
Q

Why is woodland clearance done?

A

To increase the area of farmland

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2
Q

Why is woodland clearance done?

A

To increase the area of farmland

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3
Q

What are the effects of woodland clearance?

A

Reduces the number of trees and sometimes the number of tree species
Destroys habitats
Organisms may lose food sources
Species may be forced to immigrate

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4
Q

Why is hedgerow removal done?

A

To increase the area of farmland

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5
Q

What is hedgerow removal?

A

Turning lots of small fields into fewer larger fields

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6
Q

How does the removal of hedgerows affect biodiversity?

A

Reduces the number of trees and sometimes the number of tree species
Destroys habitats
Organisms may lose food sources
Species may be forced to immigrate

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7
Q

What are pesticides?

A

Chemicals that kill organisms that feed on crops

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8
Q

How do pesticides reduce biodiversity?

A

They directly kill the pests

Any species that feed on pests will lose a food source so their numbers could decrease too

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9
Q

What are herbicides?

A

Chemicals which kill unwanted plants

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10
Q

What are the effects of the herbicides?

A

Reduces plant biodiversity

Reduce the number of organisms which feed on the weeds

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11
Q

What is monoculture?

A

When farmers have fields containing only one type of plant

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12
Q

What are the effects of monoculture?

A

A single type of plant reduces biodiversity directly and will support fewer organisms as a habitat and as a food source which further reduces biodiversity

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13
Q

Why do we need agriculture?

A

To produce food and fibres for clothing
Medicines
Fuels

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14
Q

What is a conservation scheme?

A

An attempt to maintain balance between agriculture and biodiversity

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15
Q

What are some examples of conservation schemes?

A
  • Legal protection to endangered species
  • Creating protected areas
  • Giving awards to farmers for things like leaving hedgerows
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16
Q

What is biodiversity?

A

The variety of living organisms in an area

17
Q

What is a habitat?

A

The place where an organism lives

18
Q

What is a community?

A

All of the populations of different species in a habitat

19
Q

What is local biodiversity?

A

The variety of different species living in a small habitat thats local to you

20
Q

What is global biodiversity?

A

Consider the variety of species on earth

21
Q

What is species richness?

A

A measure of the number of different species in a community

22
Q

How is species richness measured?

A

Taking random samples of a community and counting the number of different species

23
Q

What is the equation for index of diversity?

A

N(N-1)
d = ——————–
Σn(n-1)

24
Q

In the equation for the index of diversity, what does everything stand for?

A
D = index of diversity 
N = Total number of organisms of all species 
n = total number of organisms of one species 
Σ = sum of