Biodiversity Pt 1 Flashcards
(22 cards)
What is species diversity
The variety of species and the number of individuals within each species
What is structural diversity
-The range of physical shapes and sizes within a habitat or ecosystem
-greater structural diversity supports greater species diversity
What is interaction diversity
-species within an ecosystem are dependant on each other to succeed
Examples of interaction diversity
Food supply
Protection
Transportation
Reproduction
Hygiene
Digestion
What are viruses made up of
Outre protien coat called capsid
DNA or RNA
Why are viruses not a living organism
No cellular membrane
No nucleus
No organelles
No reproductive mechanisms
Do not grow
Do not respond to stimuli
Do not metabolize nutrients
I hat are prokaryotic cells
-a smaller, simple type of cell
-lacks a nucleus and any other organelles bound by a membrane
-has fili, flagellum, capsule
What are eukaryotic cells
-a larger, complex type of cell
-has membrane-bound organelles including the nucleus
What is modern taxonomy
-focuses on the evolutionary relationships amount organisms
-DNA is very useful
-phylogeny chart
What is species definition
A group of organisms capable of reproducing each other under natural conditions. Offspring are fertile and capable of reproducing each other
Traditional taxonomy phrase
Keep-kingdom
Ponds-phylum
Clean-class
Or-order
Frogs-family
Get-genus
Sick-species
The three domains
Eubacteria
Eukarya
Archaea
What are the six kingdoms
Bacteria
Animals
Plants
Fungi
Protista
Archaea
What is the purpose of taxonomy
-identifying individual organisms
-representing relationships among organisms
Who is Carl Linnaeus
Swedish botanist
Developed a modern system of naming organisms according to their physical characteristics (traditional tax)
What is binomial nomenclature
-two part
-first word genus (capital)
-second word species (lowercase)
What is taxonomy
-The science naming, identifying, and classifying species
-follows well defined rules that describe how to properly name and classify species
What is a node
It represents a common ancestor and a branching point
What is a Claude
A group that includes a single common ancestor and all its descendants
What is an out group
-The organism with the least derived traits
-the simplest organism in the tree. -The least closely related to other organisms in the tree
What is the lytic cycle
Attachment:
Virus attaches to host cell wall at a specific region site
Entry:
-virus injects DNA or RNA into cell
-protein capsid remains outside of the cell
Replication:
-host cell replicates the genetic material
-DNA or RNA is copied and protein capsid is also produced
Assembly:
New virus particles are assembled with genetic material and the protein capsids
Release:
-host cell breaks open and releases new virus particles
-thousands of viruses produced in one cell
What is the lysogenic cycle
Attachment:
Nucleic acid of virus attaches to DNA
Replication:
-host cell replicates and replicates viral DNA/RNA with it
-this can go on for many years with no effect on the host
Activation:
Virus DNA begins lytic cycle (trigger could be stress, PH levels, temperature)
