Circulatory System

Question 1

What are the three valves

Answer 1

AV, Aortic, Pulmonary

Question 2

What is the AV valve

Answer 2

prevents blood from entering atria when heart beats

Question 3

What is the Aortic Valve

Answer 3

prevents blood from moving from the aorta into the left ventricle when the heart is not beating

Question 4

What is the Pulmonary Valve

Answer 4

prevents blood from moving from the pulmonary artery into the right ventricle when the heart is not beating

Question 5

How does the blood move throughout the heart

Answer 5

superior + inferior vena cava
right atrium
pulmonary artery
lungs
pulmonary veins
left atrium
left ventricle
Aorta

Question 6

What is the function of arteries

Answer 6

carry blood away from the heart

Question 7

What is the function of veins

Answer 7

carries blood towards the heart

Question 8

what is the function of capillaries

Answer 8

bridge between the arterial and venous system

Question 9

structure of arteries

Answer 9

thick walls
elastic
branch out from arterioles
biggest artery is the aorta

Question 10

structure of veins

Answer 10

thin walls
large diameter
Branch out from venules
valves that force blood in one direction

Question 11

structure of capillaries

Answer 11

-one cell wide
-narrowest of blood vessels
-forces red blood vessels to slow down so it can unload oxygen and pick up carbon dioxide

Question 12

what is a defibrillator

Answer 12

delivers a controlled electrical shock to restore a normal heartbeat when a dangerous arrhythmia or cardiac arrest occurs effectively “rebooting” the hearts electrical system

Question 13

what is a pacemaker

Answer 13

-small battery powered device that is implanted inside the body to regulate the heartbeat
-sends electrical impulses as needed to keep the heart rhythm on track

Question 14

what is the SA node

Answer 14

Mass of specialized tissue that generates electrical impulses

Question 15

What is the AV node

Answer 15

Nerve in the heart that controls the heart rate by conduction impulses from A to V

Question 16

what are purkinji fibers

Answer 16

special conducting fibers that run down and through the heart’s muscle cells

Question 17

what is the septum

Answer 17

muscular area that divides the left and the right side of the heart

Question 18

function of plasma

Answer 18

suspends blood cells, antibodies,fibrogens, dissolved ions, and platelets

Question 19

facts of plasma

Answer 19

55% of blood makeup
protein rich
90% water
liquid

Question 20

function of red blood cells

Answer 20

transports oxygen and carbon dioxide via hemoglobin

Question 21

scientific name for red blood cells

Answer 21

Erythrocytes

Question 22

characteristics of red blood cells

Answer 22

45% of blood makeup
made in bone marrow
no nucleus
bi-concave disc shape
starts off with a nucleus
survives for 120 days

Question 23

Hemoglobin

Answer 23

4 iron=1 hemoglobin
binds 4oxygen and 4iron
iron atom
4 heme groups
2 mil/sec
iron makes blood red

Question 24

function of white blood cells

Answer 24

defense against disease and an immunity for the body

Question 25

characteristics of white blood cells

Answer 25

-made in bone marrow -colourless -has a nucleus -number of WBC will double or triple when fighting infection -makes up less then 1% of the blood

Question 26

scientific name for White blood cells

Answer 26

Leukocytes

Question 27

function of platelets

Answer 27

role in clotting blood

Question 28

characteristics of platelets

Answer 28

made in bone marrow no nucleus very small irregularly shaped cell fragments -break down in 7-10 days makes up less than 1% of blood

Question 29

scientific name for platelets

Answer 29

Thrombocytes

Question 30

Systolic

Answer 30

-first number of blood pressure -contraction of the left ventricle as it forces blood from the heart

Question 31

Diastolic

Answer 31

-second number of blood pressure -pressure at its lowest point, immediately before another contraction of the ventricles

Question 32

causes of hypertension

Answer 32

increase in extracellular fluids: -high salt intake -thickened blood vasoconstriction: -hormones push on outside of wall Atherosclerosis: -white blood cells and fat attaching to the valve walls

Question 33

normal blood pressure

Answer 33

120/80

Question 34

purposes of the circulatory system

Answer 34

A network of blood vessels that supply cells with nutrients and collect waste materials

Question 35

how much blood can the heart pump in a min

Answer 35

5L

Question 36

1

Answer 36

inferior vena cava

Question 37

2

Answer 37

superior vena cava

Question 38

3

Answer 38

right atrium

Question 39

4

Answer 39

av valve (triscuped)

Question 40

5

Answer 40

right ventricle

Question 41

6

Answer 41

pulmonary valve

Question 42

7

Answer 42

pulmonary artery

Question 43

8

Answer 43

pulmonary arteries

Question 44

9

Answer 44

pulmonary veins

Question 45

10

Answer 45

left atrium

Question 46

11

Answer 46

Av valve (biscuped)

Question 47

12

Answer 47

left ventricle

Question 48

13

Answer 48

aortic valve

Question 49

14

Answer 49

aorta

Question 50

15

Answer 50

Arteries