Respiratory System

Question 1

Purpose of gas exchange

Answer 1

-provide cells with oxygen
-cells use oxygen to create atp

Question 2

Diaphragm

Answer 2

-helps breathing
-changing in volume and pressure in lungs

Question 3

Intercostal muscles

Answer 3

Helps expand ribs
In between ribs

Question 4

Ribs

Answer 4

-Protection
-Moves to create more space for lungs

Question 5

Lungs

Answer 5

-organ site for gas exchange
-dense squishy tissue
-right=3 lobes left= 2 lobes

Question 6

What happens during inhalation

Answer 6

Ribs expand
Diaphragm contracts
Intercostal muscles contract
Thoracic cavity expand

Question 7

What happens during exhalation

Answer 7

Ribs compress
Diaphragm relaxes
Intercostal muscles relax
Thoracic cavity gets smaller

Question 8

How is pressure and volume related

Answer 8

Inversely

Question 9

How does oxygen and carbon dioxide want to travel

Answer 9

High to low

Question 10

What are the purposes of the respiratory system

Answer 10

-produce vocal sound
-sense of smell
-regulate blood ph
-exchange gases

Question 11

Structure of cilia

Answer 11

Microscopic hair like structure

Question 12

Function of cilia

Answer 12

Moving cells, cell signalling

Question 13

Where is the cilia found

Answer 13

Surface of animal cells

Question 14

Structure of cartilage

Answer 14

Flexible
Connective tissue

Question 15

Function of cartilage

Answer 15

Support trachea
Protect vocal cords

Question 16

Where is cartilage found

Answer 16

Trachea
Bronchi
Nose
Epiglottis

Question 17

Structure of epiglottis

Answer 17

Cartilage flap

Question 18

Function of epiglottis

Answer 18

Closes when you swallow preventing food from going into airway

Question 19

Where is the epiglottis found

Answer 19

The larynx/voice box

Question 20

Structure of pleural membrane

Answer 20

Fluid filled sac

Question 21

Function of pleural membrane

Answer 21

Reduce friction

Question 22

Where is the pleural membrane found

Answer 22

Covers the lungs

Question 23

how does diffusion of gas work

Answer 23

high concentration to low concentration

Question 24

Altitudes effects on respiration

Answer 24

-loss of pressure difference
-oxygen molecules spread out
-rate of diffusion slows down
-increase in RBC (mimic blood doping)
-EPO cycle

Question 25

Brain involvement in breathing rate

Answer 25

-high carbon dioxide increases BR -high carbon dioxide = PH more acidic -carbon dioxide levels trigger breathing response -breathing is mostly automatic -medulla oblongata monotors PH levels

Question 26

What is cystic fibrosis

Answer 26

Genetic disorder Thick sticky mucus build up in lungs

Question 27

Symptoms of cystic fibrosis

Answer 27

Cough Wheezing Struggle to gain weight

Question 28

What is Emphysema

Answer 28

-Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease -damaged alveoli -from smoking

Question 29

Symptoms of Emphysema

Answer 29

Shortness of breath Persistent cough Persistent wheezing Fatigue Chest tightness

Question 30

What is Pulmonary embolism

Answer 30

Blood clot that blocks lung artery Caused by clot from deep leg vein

Question 31

Symptoms of pulmonary embolism

Answer 31

Shortness of breath Chest pain Coughing up blood

Question 32

What is tuberculosis

Answer 32

Infectious disease Bacterial Spreads through air

Question 33

Symptoms of tuberculosis

Answer 33

-prolonged cough with blood -chest pain -weakness -fatigue -fever -weight loss

Question 34

What is pneumothorax

Answer 34

-Collapsed lung -Air leaks from lung -Fills space between lung and chest wall with air

Question 35

What causes pneumothorax

Answer 35

Lung disease, medical procedure, smoking, change in pressure

Question 36

Symptoms of pneumothorax

Answer 36

Sudden chest pain Shortness of breath