Biological Basis of Behavior

Question 1

Sensory Neuron

Answer 1

recieve sense signals

Question 2

afferent neurons

Answer 2

brain Accepts signals

Question 3

Motor neurons

Answer 3

signals to move

Question 4

Efferent neurons

Answer 4

signal Exits brain

Question 5

interneurons

Answer 5

cells in spinal cord responsible for reflex loop

Question 6

Glutamate

Answer 6

major excitatory
-excited when you see your MATES

Question 7

dopamine

Answer 7

reward and movement

Question 8

serotonin

Answer 8

moods and emotion

Question 9

acetylcholine

Answer 9

memory

Question 10

epinephrine and norepinephrine

Answer 10

sympathetic NS arousal

Question 11

endorphins

Answer 11

pain control

Question 12

oxytocin

Answer 12

love and bonding

Question 13

agonist

Answer 13

drug that mimics a neurotransmitter

Question 14

antagonist

Answer 14

drug that blocks a neurotransmitter

Question 15

hindbrain

Answer 15

oldest part of the brain that includes:
1. cerebellum
2. medulla
3. pons

Question 16

cerebellum

Answer 16

movement/balance
(walking a tightrope and balancing a bell)

Question 17

medulla

Answer 17

vital organs (heart rate and blood pressure)

Question 18

pons

Answer 18

bridge b/w regions
-basic functions

Question 19

recticular formation

Answer 19

alertness

Question 20

forebrain

Answer 20

higher thought processes

Question 21

limbic system

Answer 21

-amygdala
-hippocampus
-hypothalamus
-thalamus

Question 22

amygdala

Answer 22

emotions and fear

Question 23

hippocampus

Answer 23

memory

Question 24

hypothalamus

Answer 24

reward/pleasure center
-eating behaviors link to endocrine system

Question 25

thalamus

Answer 25

relay center for all but smell

Question 26

cerebral cortex

Answer 26

outer portion of the brain - higher order thought processes

Question 27

occipital lobe

Answer 27

vision

Question 28

frontal lobe

Answer 28

planning, decision making, judgement, movement, and personality

Question 29

parietal lobe

Answer 29

sensations

Question 30

temporal lobe

Answer 30

hearing and face recognition

Question 31

somatosensory cortex

Answer 31

-map of touch receptors -in parietal lobe -IF ON FRQ ONLY MENTION TOUCH

Question 32

motor cortex

Answer 32

map of our motor receptors -located in frontal lobe

Question 33

what is side effect of damaged left hemisphere

Answer 33

-aphasia/ damaged speech

Question 34

broca's area

Answer 34

place of speech formation

Question 35

wernicke's area

Answer 35

place of speech comprehension

Question 36

pitutitary gland

Answer 36

controlled by the hypothalamus -releases growth hormones

Question 37

EEG

Answer 37

brain activity - not specific

Question 38

XRAY

Answer 38

not useful, doesnt show tissues

Question 39

CT/MRI

Answer 39

shows structures (tumors)

Question 40

PET

Answer 40

glucose shoes brain activity (when in doubt pick this one)

Question 41

fMRI

Answer 41

oxygen shows activity: real time

Question 42

lesion

Answer 42

destruction of brain tissue

Question 43

higher level-consciousness

Answer 43

controlled processes totally aware

Question 44

lower level consciousness

Answer 44

automatic processing (daydreaming, phone numbers)

Question 45

altered states

Answer 45

produced through fatigue, hypnosis

Question 46

subconsciousness

Answer 46

sleeping and dreaming

Question 47

no awareness

Answer 47

knocked out

Question 48

beta waves

Answer 48

-awake -you BETA be awake for the AP exam

Question 49

Alpha Waves

Answer 49

-high amplitude -drowsy -NREM (non REM) stages

Question 50

stage 1 sleep

Answer 50

light sleep

Question 51

stage 2 sleep

Answer 51

burts of sleep spindles

Question 52

stage 3 delta waves

Answer 52

deep sleep

Question 53

REM

Answer 53

-rapid eye movement -dreaming and cognitive processing -entire cycle take 90 minutes

Question 54

freud's unconscious wish fulfillment

Answer 54

dreaming is gratification of inconscious desires and needs

Question 55

activation synthesis

Answer 55

brain produces random bursts of energy stimulating lodged memories in the limbic system -dreams start random but then develop meaning

Question 56

psychoactive drugs

Answer 56

triggers dopamine release in the brain

Question 57

depressants

Answer 57

alcohol, barbiturates, tranquilizers, opiates -decrease sympathetic nervous system activation, highly addictive

Question 58

stimulants

Answer 58

amphetamines, cocaine, MDMA (ecstasy), caffeine, nicotine -increase sympathetic nervous system activation, highly addictive

Question 59

hallucinogens

Answer 59

LSD, weed, -causes hallucinations, less addictive

Question 60

tolerance

Answer 60

needing more of a drug to have the same effect

Question 61

dependence

Answer 61

become addicted to the drug -must have it to avoid withdrawal symptoms

Question 62

withdrawal

Answer 62

psychological and physiological symptoms associated with sudden stoppage -unpleasant and can kill you