Biological Molecules Flashcards
(32 cards)
What are carbohydrates made of
Carbon, Hydrogen, and Oxygen (C, H, O)
What are the most common carbohydrates?
Glucose (Sugars), Starch, Cellulose
What is the formula of glucose (higher level)
C6H12O6
What is the function of glucose
It is used in respiration to release energy
What is the chemical test for glucose
Benedict’s solution heated
What are the positive and negative results of the benedict’s solution test
Positive: Turns Orange/Red Negative: Stays Blue
What is starch made of
MANY glucose molecules
What is the function of starch
Stores energy in plant cells
What is the chemical test for starch
Iodine Solution
What are the positive and negative results of the Iodine solution test
Positive: Turns blue/black Negative: Stays red/orange
What is another term commonly used for glucose or simple sugars made of glucose
reducing sugars
What is glycogen made of
MANY molecules of glucose
What is the function of glycogen
Stores energy in animal cells
What substances are lipids made of
Carbon, Hydrogen, and Oxygen (C, H, O)
What is the difference between the two types of lipids (fats and oils)
Fats are solids at room temperature, whereas oils are liquids at room temperature.
What are fat molecules made of (higher level)
3 fatty acids attached to a glycerol molecule
What is the chemical test for lipids
Ethanol emulsion test
What are the positive/negative results for the ethanol emulsion test
Positive: Turns milky white Negative: Stays colorless
What are proteins made of (higher level)
A molecule of many amino acids linked together
What is the function of a protein based on
The sequence of the amino acids
What substances are proteins made of
Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, and Nitrogen (C, H, O, N)
What is the chemical test for proteins
Biuret Solution
What are the positive/negative results for the biuret solution test
Positive: Turns purple Negative: Stays blue
What are pathogens
Microogranisms that cause disease (bacteria, viruses, etc.)
