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IGCSE Biology > Characteristics and Classification of Living Organisms > Flashcards

Characteristics and Classification of Living Organisms Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 7 Characteristics of Life?

A

Movement, Reproduction, Sensitivity, Growth, Respiration, Excretion, Nutrition

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2
Q

Define Respiration

A

The process of breaking down glucose and other substances inside an organism’s cells to release energy that they can use

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3
Q

What is the definition of Metabolism?

A

The chemical reactions that take place in living organisms

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4
Q

Define Sensitivity

A

The ability to detect and respond to changes in the internal or external environment

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5
Q

What is the definition of Growth?

A

A permanent increase in size and Dry Mass

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6
Q

What is the Dry Mass of an organism?

A

The mass of an organism after it has died and had all water removed from it

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7
Q

What is the definition of Reproduction?

A

The process of an organism producing more of the same kind of organism

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8
Q

Define Nutrition

A

Taking in materials for energy, growth, and development.

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9
Q

Define Excretion

A

The process of an organism removing waste products and substances in excess from the body

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10
Q

What is the Common Ancestor of an Organism?

A

A species that lived in the past, from which several species alive today emerged.

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11
Q

What is the most known example of a Common Ancestor?

A

All Mammals share a common ancestor

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12
Q

What does fertile / infertile mean?

A

Being able to reproduce / Not being able to reproduce

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13
Q

Define Species

A

A group of organisms that can produce fertile offspring

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14
Q

Define Genus

A

A group of several species that share similar features and a common ancestor.

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15
Q

What is the purpose of the dichotomous key

A

To identify an organism by working through pairs of statements that lead you to the name

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16
Q

what is a kingdom in animal biology?

A

One of the major groups into which all animals are classified

17
Q

What is an organic substance?

A

A substance which contains carbon in its molecules and is made by living things

18
Q

What is chlorophyll?

A

A green chemical that absorbs energy from light to make glucose

19
Q

Which two chemicals does chlorophyll combine to make glucose?

A

Carbon Dioxide and Water

20
Q

What is a prokaryote?

A

An organism whose cells don’t have a nucleus

21
Q

What do unicellular / multicellular mean

A

Organisms made of; one cell / multiple cells

22
Q

What is a spore and what is it’s purpose

A

A very small group of cells surrounded by a protective wall, used in reproduction of fungi.

23
Q

What are fungi?

A

Organisms whose cells have cell walls but do not perform photosynthesis

24
Q

What is metamorphosis?

A

Changing from a larva with one body form to an adult with a different body form

25
Q

Which class of Vertebrates undergoes metamorphosis?

A

Amphibians

26
Q

What do terrestrial / aquatic mean?

A

Organisms that live on earth / water

27
Q

What are the 2 characteristics of an arthropod?

A

jointed legs, no backbone

28
Q

What is an exoskeleton

A

A supportive structure on the outside of the body

29
Q

Arthropods have exoskeletons (True/False)

A

True

30
Q

What is the name for the animal kingdom which contains Spiders?

A

Arachinds

31
Q

What is the name of the animal kingdom which contains crabs and lobsters?

A

Crustaceans

32
Q

What is the name of the animal kingdom which contains jellyfish and mollusks

A

Cnidarians

33
Q

What are the 5 main characteristics of a mammal?

A

air or fur.
Warm blooded.
Produce milk to feed young
Lungs to breathe air.
Four legs.

34
Q

What are the 5 main characteristics of a bird?

A

Feathers.
Warm blooded
Wings.
Lungs to breathe air
Lay eggs with no shell to reproduce

35
Q

What are the 4 main characteristics of a reptile?

A

Scales.
Cold-blooded.
Produce shelled eggs or bear live young.
Lungs to breathe

36
Q

What are the 5 main characteristics of an amphibian?

A

Live on land and in water
Lay eggs with no shell to reproduce
Breathe through skin
Cold-blooded
Undergo Metamorphosis

37
Q

What are the 5 main characteristics of a Fish?

A

Gills
Fins
Lay eggs
Live in water
Cold blooded

IGCSE Biology (20 decks)

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