Human Nutrition Flashcards
(64 cards)
What are the 6 types of nutrient humans need in their diet?
Carbohydrates
Lipids
Proteins
Vitamins
Water
Minerals.
Which atoms make up Carbohydrates and Lipids?
Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen
Which atoms make up Proteins?
Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Protein
What are some high-fat foods?
Butter
Oil
Fish
Nuts
Avocado
Cheese
What are some high-carb foods?
Bread
Potato
Rice
Corn
Cake
What are some high-protein foods?
Meat
Fish
Eggs
Nuts
Cheese
What is peristalsis?
The process of using muscular contractions to move food through alimentary canal
What is the alimentary canal?
The parts of the digestive system through which foods pass through
What are the parts of the alimentary canal?
- salivary glands
- oesophagus
- stomach
- duodenum
- ileum
- colon
- rectum
- anus
Which foods contain vitamin C
Oranges, lemons, limes, raw vegetables
Why is vitamin C needed
To make collagen (a protein), keeping tissues in good health
What is the Vitamin C deficiency disease?
Scurvy, causing pain in joints and muscles, common for those who don’t eat vegetables #rodrigo
Which foods contain vitamin D
butter, egg, yolk (and sunlight)
Why is Vitamin D needed
Helps calcium be absorbed
What is the Vitamin D deficiency disease
Rickets, leading to soft or deformed bones, common in young children who lack sunlight
Which foods contain calcium
Milk, dairy, bread
Which foods contain iron
Red meat, liver, egg yolk, green veggies
Why is calcium needed
for bones and teeth and blood clotting
Why is iron needed
to make haemoglobin
What is the iron deficiency disease?
Anaemia, not enough red blood cells so tissues don’t get enough oxygen delivered to them
What is the calcium deficiency disease?
Brittle bones, teeth, poor blood clotting
What is the use of fibre?
To help foods pass through the alimentary canal
What are the four steps of digestion?
Ingestion, Digestion, Absorption, Egestion
What is the liver’s function?
Produces bile and regulates blood glucose concentration
