biological molecules Flashcards
(16 cards)
1
Q
carbohydrates are made of
A
carbon, hydrogen, oxygen
2
Q
monomers of carbohydrate
A
glucose
3
Q
larger (insoluble) carbohydrates
A
starch, glycogen, cellulose
4
Q
smaller (soluble) carbohydrates
A
- complex sugars such as maltose, sucrose
- simple sugars such as glucose, fructose
5
Q
fats are made of
A
carbon, hydrogen, oxygen
6
Q
monomers of fats
A
three fatty acid molecules attached to one glycerol
7
Q
proteins are made of
A
carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen
8
Q
monomers of proteins
A
amino acids
9
Q
how to test for carbohydrates (starch)
A
- put a few drops of iodine solution on sample to be tested
- positive = blue-black
- negative = remains brown
10
Q
how to test for carbohydrates (reducing sugars)
A
- make a food solution + add equal amount benedict’s solution + heat test tube in a water bath
- positive = red/orange/yellow/green
- negative = blue
11
Q
how to test for fat
A
- mix ethanol with the food solution + add this to a test tube of water
- positive = cloudy white emulsion
- negative = water remains clear
12
Q
how to test for protein
A
- add biuret reagent to the food solution
- positive = lilac
- negative = blue
13
Q
how to test for vitamin c
A
- add solution drop by drop to DCPIP
- positive = colourless
- negative = remains blue
14
Q
what is DNA
A
a long twisted double-stranded (double helix) molecule held together by pairs of chemical units called bases
15
Q
A pairs with
A
T
16
Q
C pairs with
A
G
