classification

Question 1

define movement

Answer 1

an action by an organism (or part of an organism) resulting in a change of position

Question 2

define respiration

Answer 2

chemical reactions in cells that breakdown nutrient molecules and release energy

Question 3

define sensitivity

Answer 3

ability to decent and respond to stimuli in the internal or external environment

Question 4

define growth

Answer 4

a permanent increase in dry mass

Question 5

define reproduction

Answer 5

process that makes more of the same kind of organism

Question 6

define excretion

Answer 6

removal of toxic material, metabolic waste and excess substances from an organism

Question 7

define nutrition

Answer 7

the taking in of materials for energy, growth, and development

Question 8

define species

Answer 8

a group of organisms that can reproduce and produce fertile offspring

Question 9

define binomial system

Answer 9

an internationally agreed system where the scientific name of an organism is made up of two parts consisting of the genus and species

Question 10

define DNA

Answer 10

long twisted double stranded (double helix) molecule held together by pairs of chemical units called bases

Question 11

adenine pairs with

Answer 11

thymine

Question 12

cytosine pairs with

Answer 12

guanine

Question 13

classification systems aim to

Answer 13

reflect evolutionary relationships

Question 14

similar base sequences mean

Answer 14

they are more closely related since few mutations occurred

Question 15

4 key features of animals

Answer 15

• take in and use organic materials from other organisms for energy
• able to move from one place to the other
• most reproduce sexually using reproductive cells (gametes)
• no cell wall surrounding cell membrane

Question 16

3 key features of plants

Answer 16

• make their own food by photosynthesis
• cells are surrounded by cellulose cell wall
• few identifiable organs (flowers, leaves, stem)

Question 17

4 key features of prokaryotes

Answer 17

• unicellular
• no membrane-bound organelles so no true nucleus (DNA is loose in cytoplasm)
• killed by antibiotics
• have cell wall

Question 18

define protoctista

Answer 18

group of largely microscopic truly living organisms

Question 19

4 key features of protoctists

Answer 19

• mostly unicellular some multicellular
• have membrane-bound organelles (have a true nucleus)
• respire aerobically
• either free-living or parasitic

Question 20

4 key features of fungi

Answer 20

• chitin cell wall
• have no chlorophyll
• reproduce by producing spores
• made of large number of tubular threads (hyphae) intertwined to form mycelium

Question 21

2 features of virus

Answer 21

• protein coat
• contain genetic material

Question 22

3 key features of fish

Answer 22

• gills for breathing
• covered in scales + fins for movement
• lay jelly-covered eggs in water

Question 23

3 key features of amphibians

Answer 23

• webbed feet
• moist skin
• can live in land and water but always lay eggs in water

Question 24

2 key features of reptiles

Answer 24

• scaly skin
• leathery-shelled eggs on land

Question 25

4 key features of birds

Answer 25

- forelimbs are wings - warm-blooded - four-chambered heart - beak for feeding

Question 26

4 key features of mammals

Answer 26

- produce live young (feed from mammary glands) - hair on body - internal fertilisation - ears with external flaps

Question 27

define vertebrates

Answer 27

animals that have a vertebral column

Question 28

define invertebrates

Answer 28

animals that don't have a vertebral column

Question 29

2 features of arthropods

Answer 29

- jointed legs - segmented body

Question 30

4 key features of insects

Answer 30

- three pairs of legs - head, thorax, abdomen - one pair of antennae - one or two pairs of wings

Question 31

4 key features of crustaceans

Answer 31

- four pairs of legs - cephalothorax, abdomen - two pairs of antennae - exoskeleton made of calcium salts

Question 32

3 key features of arachnids

Answer 32

- four pairs of legs - cephalothorax, abdomen - no antennae

Question 33

2 key features of myriapods

Answer 33

- ten or more pairs of legs (one or two each segment) - one pair of antennae

Question 34

two major divisions of plant kingdom

Answer 34

ferns and flowering plants

Question 35

4 key features of ferns

Answer 35

- don't produce flowers - reproduce by producing spores - leaves are called fronds - green and photosynthesise

Question 36

5 key features of monocotyledons

Answer 36

- one cotyledon in each seed - narrow leaves - parallel veins - petals in threes - fibrous roots

Question 37

5 key features of dicotyledons

Answer 37

- two cotyledons in each seed - broad leaves - network-like branching veins - petals in fours/fives - taproot system