Biology 11-13

Question 1

State the parts of the breathing system (10)

Answer 1

Lungs
Diaphragm
Ribs
Intercostal muscles
Larynx
Trachea
Bronchi
Bronchioles
Alveoli
Associated capillaries

Question 2

Purpose of lime water test

Answer 2

For carbon dioxide

Question 3

Start colour of lime water test

Answer 3

Clear / colourless

Question 4

Finish colour of lime water test

Answer 4

Cloudy / milky

Question 5

Percentage of nitrogen at inspiring air

Answer 5

79%

Question 6

Percentage of oxygen at inspiring air

Answer 6

21%

Question 7

Percentage of carbon dioxide at inspiring air

Answer 7

0.04%

Question 8

Quantity of water vapour at inspiring air

Answer 8

Variable

Question 9

Percentage of nitrogen at expired air

Answer 9

79%

Question 10

Percentage of oxygen at expired air

Answer 10

16%

Question 11

Percentage of carbon dioxide at expired air

Answer 11

4%

Question 12

Quantity of water vapour at expired air

Answer 12

Saturated

Question 13

State the uses of energy in living organisms (3/5)

Answer 13

Muscle contraction
Protein synthesis
Cell division, growth
The passage of nerve impulses
The maintenance of a constant body temperature

Question 14

Describe aerobic respiration

Answer 14

The chemical reactions in cells that use oxygen to break down nutrient molecules to release energy

Question 15

Word equation for aerobic respiration

Answer 15

glucose + oxygen → carbon dioxide + water

Question 16

How does electrical impulses travel

Answer 16

Through neurones

Question 17

Describe the mammalian nervous system

Answer 17

The central nervous system (CNS)

The peripheral nervous system (PNS)

Question 18

Organs involved on the central nervous system (2)

Answer 18

Brain and spinal cord

Question 19

Organs involved on the peripheral nervous system (2)

Answer 19

Nerves outside of the brain and spinal cord

Question 20

Describe the role of the nervous system

Answer 20

Coordinate and regulate the body functions

Question 21

Types of neurones (3)

Answer 21

Sensory
Relay
Motor neurones

Question 22

Function of sensory neurone

Answer 22

Carries electrical impulses from the sense organs to the central nervous system

Question 23

Function of relay neurone

Answer 23

Found in the CNS, it connects sensory neurones to motor neurones

Question 24

Function of motor neurone

Answer 24

Carries impulses from the CNS to effectors, such as muscles or glands, to cause a response

Question 25

Describe a simple reflex arc (5)

Answer 25

Receptor Sensory neurone Relay neurone Motor neurone Effector

Question 26

Describe a reflex action

Answer 26

Automatically and rapidly integrating and coordinating stimuli with the responses of effectors

Question 27

Describe sense organs

Answer 27

Groups of receptor cells responding to specific stimuli

Question 28

Types of stimulis (5)

Answer 28

Light Sound Touch Temperature Chemicals

Question 29

Describe a hormone

Answer 29

Chemical substance, produced by a gland and carried by the blood, which alters the activity of one or more organs

Question 30

What does the adrenal glands secrete

Answer 30

Adrenaline

Question 31

What does the pancreas secrete

Answer 31

Insulin

Question 32

What does the testes secrete

Answer 32

Testosterone

Question 33

What does the ovaries secrete

Answer 33

Oestrogen

Question 34

What does adrenaline hormone secreted in

Answer 34

‘Fight or flight’ situations and its effects

Question 35

State the effects of what does adrenaline hormone secreted in (3)

Answer 35

Increased breathing rate Increased heart rate Increased pupil diameter