Biology 18-19 Flashcards
(16 cards)
State the principal source of energy input to biological systems
The sun
Describe a food chain
The transfer of energy from one organism to the next, beginning with a producer
Describe a food web
Network of interconnected food chains and interpret food webs
Describe a producer
Organism that makes its own organic nutrients, usually using energy from sunlight, through photosynthesis
Describe a consumer
Organism that gets its energy by feeding on other organisms
Consumers may be classed as …
Primary, secondary and tertiary
Describe a herbivore
Animal that gets its energy by eating plants
Describe a carnivore
Animal that gets its energy by eating other animals
Describe a decomposer
Organism that gets its energy from dead or waste organic material
Describe the carbon cycle (6)
Photosynthesis
Respiration
Feeding
Decomposition
Formation of fossil fuels
Combustion
Describe an ecosystem
Unit containing the community of organisms and their environment, interacting together
Describe biodiversity
The number of different species that live in an area
Describe the reasons for habitat destruction (3)
Increased area for housing, crop plant production and livestock production
Extraction of natural resources
Freshwater and marine pollution
State the undesirable effects of deforestation (3/5)
Reducing biodiversity
Extinction
Loss of soil
Flooding
Increase of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere
Explain why organisms become endangered
or extinct (4/6)
Climate change
Habitat destruction
Hunting
Overharvesting
Pollution
Introduced species
Describe how endangered species can be
conserved (4)
Monitoring and protecting species and habitats
Education
Captive breeding programmes
Seed banks
