Biology Lab Chapter 4: Cell structure and Function

Question 0

Prokaryotes have what structures necessary for protein synthesis?

Answer 0

Ribosomes

Question 1

What is the name of the large, often central organelle in eukaryotic cells that contains chromosomes?

Answer 1

Nucleus

Question 2

What is the function of the nucleus?

Answer 2

Stores DNA

Question 3

That is the function of rough endoplasmic reticulum?

Answer 3

Protein synthesis

Question 4

Which organelle carries in intracellular digestion?

Answer 4

Lysosome

Question 5

Name a structure present in an animal cell but not in a plant cell.

Answer 5

Centriole

Question 6

Name a structure present in a plant cell but not in an animal cell.

Answer 6

Cell wall

Question 7

What term describes the movement of molecules form an area of higher concentration to one of lower concentration?

Answer 7

Diffusion

Question 8

What is the name for the movement of water across the plasma membrane?

Answer 8

Osmosis

Question 9

In what direction does water move when cells are placed in a hypertonic solution?

Answer 9

into the cell

Question 10

Is 10% NaCl isotonic, hypertonic, or hypotonic to red blood cells?

Answer 10

Hypotonic

Question 11

What appearance will red blood cells have when they are placed in 9.0% NaCl>

Answer 11

It will shrink

Question 12

What scientific term is used to refer to the condition of cell (it will shrink)?

Answer 12

crenation

Question 13

What type of molecule prevents extensive change in the pH of living organisms?

Answer 13

Buffer

Question 14

If acid is added to water, does the pH increase or decrease?

Answer 14

decrease

Question 15

What is the pH of 7 called?

Answer 15

neutral

Question 16

Name two features or cellular components that all cells have in common.

Answer 16

Plasma membrane and DNA

Question 17

The police are trying to determine whether material removed form a crime scene is plant or animal matter. what would you suggest they look for?

Answer 17

look for the cell wall

Question 18

Your grandmother asks you to fertilize her favorite plant. Without reading the directions on the box, you pour some fertilizer into the pot and then water the plant. The next time you see your grandmother, she tells you the plant died. In terms of osmosis, explain what happened to the plant.

Answer 18

It dried out because of hypertonic solution.

Question 19

Explain what happens to both plant and animal cells when they are placed into a solution that is hypotonic to the interior of the cell. If the two cells meet different fates, explain why.

Answer 19

Animal cell are going to swell and burst . Plant cells are going to swell its called turgor pressure.

Question 20

TEACHER’S NOTES

Answer 20

STUDY FIRST

Question 21

Cells

Answer 21

The basic units of life.

Question 22

Cell theory

Answer 22

States that all living things are composed of cells and that cells come only from other cells.

Question 23

Cytoplasm

Answer 23

The content of a cell

Question 24

Plasma membrane

Answer 24

• Bounds cytoplasm

- Regulates the movement of molecules into and out of the cytoplasm.

Question 25

All living cells are classified as either

Answer 25

Prokaryotic or eukaryotic.

Question 26

Prokaryotic cells

Answer 26

Do not contain nuclei

Question 27

Eukaryotic cells

Answer 27

Do contain nuclei

Question 28

Only bacteria and archaea

Answer 28

Are prokaryotes

Question 29

All other organisms

Answer 29

Are eukaryotes.

Question 30

Organelles

Answer 30

Are small membranous bodies, each with a specific structure

Question 31

Prokaryotes

Answer 31

Do have cytoplasm, the material bounded by a plasma membrane and cell wall.

Question 32

Smooth ER

Answer 32

• (Composition) Lacks ribosomes

- (Function) synthesis of lipid molecules

Question 33

Diffusion

Answer 33

The movement of molecules from a higher to a lower concentration nail equilibrium is achieved and the molecules are distributed equally.

Question 34

Osmosis

Answer 34

The diffusion of water across the plasma membrane of a cell.

Question 35

Hypertonic solution

Answer 35

Has a higher solute (lower water) concentration than the cell. When cells are placed in a hypertonic solution, water moves out of the cell into the solution.

Question 36

Hypotonic solution

Answer 36

Has a lower solute (higher water) concentration than the cell. When cells are placed in a hypotonic solution, water moves from the solution into the cell.

Question 37

A solution of o.9% NaC1 is _____________ to red blood cells

Answer 37

Isotonic

Question 38

Cremation

Answer 38

A solution greater than 0.9% NaC1 is hypertonic to red blood cells. In such a solution the cells shrivel up.

Question 39

Hemolysis

Answer 39

A solution of less than 0.9% NaC1 is hypotonic to red blood cells. In such a solution the cells swell to bursting.