Music Appreciation Final Exam Flashcards by M G

Impressionism:

Debussy composes

“Prelude a lapres-midi d’um Faune.”

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Chapter 26
Impressionism:

Program Music during the Romanticism is _________

so prevalent as we have seen in class.

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Impressionism:

Prelude to the Afternoon of a Faun’s is a composition by ___________
It’s genre is?

Claude Debussy.

symphonic poem.

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Impressionism:

It is also ___________ music and it is a __________Poem

Program
Symphonic.
Just like “the Moldau” we examined on chapter 19/Romanticism.

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Impressionism:

The opera of Debussy is a reaction to _______________.

German opera of Wagner (Chapter 25 - Romanticism/German Opera).

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Impressionism:

Debussy will never employ the concept of _____________

“Letimotifs” that Wagner uses in all of his very long Operas.

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Impressionism:

What are the composers we examine as representative of Impressionism in music.

Maurice Ravel and Claude Debussy

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Impressionism:

They are both ____________ composers

French

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Impressionism:

Impressionism comes from the relationship of visual arts example on page 248. The painting is not clearly defined.

You have an impression of the water, boats, sunset.

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Impressionism:

Not a strict formal composition, but an ______________

impression.

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Impressionism:

What is ever present in most works of the impressionism?

Fluid, water is a reference/element.

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Chapter 27
Primitivism and Neoclacissism

The composer that encompasses both compositional styles - Primitivism and Neoclacissism.

Igor Stravinsky

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Primitivism and Neoclacissism

His composition the music for the Ballet entitled “Rite of Spring” is ___________, and is based on the characters of the ballet being _______ and the music relating to them being __________ as well.

programmatic, primitive, primitive

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Primitivism and Neoclacissism

Notice that there is nothing primitive about the composition techniques employed, the term is used as a _____________ to the music that reflects the topic of the ___________

reference

ballet

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Primitivism and Neoclacissism

The genre is _________.
This is another new genre of the romanticism being used during 20th century as well.

Ballet music

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Primitivism and Neoclacissism

The form is ____________.

sectional, follows the ballet program, support the dancers!

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Primitivism and Neoclacissism

Meter:

Is irregular, changes often but it is not as the unmeasured tempo of the Gregorian chant. You will feel the beat.

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Primitivism and Neoclacissism

Neoclassicism refer to the many composers of the late Romanticism and the 20th century who composed symphonies and other orchestral/instrumental works with their forms being _____________.

the classical period forms
sonata movement form
symphony with four movement
concertos with three movements

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Primitivism and Neoclacissism

Also composed in this Neo-classical style during the 20th century.

Stravinsky

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Primitivism and Neoclacissism

Dumbarton Oaks Concerto

This concerto has 3 movements. It is influenced by J.S. Bach’s concertos, but has elements of 20th century music such as off-beat accents and dissonances too aggressive to fit with the previous compositional periods.

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Chapter 28
Eastern European Nationalism

In the 20th century, ___________ exemplifies Nationalistic pride and research and national folk music and its application in compositions.

Bela Bartok.

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Eastern European Nationalism

Bela Bartok

Is Hungarian.
Best known for:
Piano miniatures; Mikrokosmos (six books of short pieces).
Duke Bluebeards’s Castle, Opera.

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Chapter 29
German Expressionism, Serialism

Arnold Schoenberg

Developed the twelve tone row, also called serialism.
His students Alban Berg and Anton Webern are also serialism composers.

(Will explain in class how this is done!)

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German Expressionism, Serialism

Atonalism

Is another term for serialism. It strives to not have any reference to the major-minor tonal system!!!

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German Expressionism, Serialism Serialism

Overall is the expression of tormented feelings through music. In visual arts, google the painting "The Scream". You will feel the angst (a gloomy, often neurotic feeling of generalized anxiety and depression).

Chapter 30 - review of American Music from colony times through Romanticism.

The content of this chapter will not be in your final exam.

Chapter 31 Jazz basics The instrumentations of the front line:

Trumpets/comets, clarinet, trombone (Dixieland or New Orleans jazz - 1920's).

Jazz basics Rhythm section instruments:

Piano, bass, guitar, banjo, drums.

Jazz basics The Swing Jazz band of the 1930's

The rhythm section provide accompaniment and solos. The previous New Orleans, had only accompaniment. Also, each instrument is multiplied by 3 or 4 (But for the piano, only one) in the Swing Jazz Band.

Jazz basics Jazz evolves to the _____________

big band, reaching larger audience via radio.

Jazz basics Where is the center of action for Jazz 1935-50?

New York

Jazz basics What are blues notes?

Lowered notes, they give the music a relaxed effect.

Jazz basics The blues:

Earliest - country blues - rural South. Then Classic blues.

Jazz basics Bessie Smith's "Lost your Head Blues".

Is very personal, full of feeling not always sad, sung with relaxed rhythm and structure. The blues allow for improvisation by the singer and by the accompanist. Therefor, Bessie Smith is the composer and performer. She creates as she sings. Every performance will be different.

Jazz basics Genre: Form:

Genre: Classic blues Form: 5 chorus of 12 bar blues.

Jazz basics Roots and influence

African roots of the blues and sliding between notes can be heard in "Lost your Head Blues". Also, "call and response" between the cornet and the singer reflect the way African singers sang. European influences are also heard in the structure of the music and text as well as the accompaniment in chords by the piano.

Jazz basics Bessie Smith's "Lost your Head Blues" is an example of ________.

Classic blues.

Jazz basics The twelve bar blues is

the set chord progression, musicians use, therefore, there is a form!

Jazz basics Ragtime -

Piano music, also band music. Syncopation within the rhythm gives origin to the name Ragtime.

Jazz basics Ragged rhythm=

Syncopation.

Jazz basics Scat Singing

Louis Armstrong style of singing with added non-sense syllables.

Jazz basics The spiritual

Was not just entertaining. It included code words that allowed slaves to communicate beyond the slave master's knowledge.

Chapter 32 | Be-Bop or just Bop

Fast playing, Charlie Parker, Dizzy Gillespie, small combos - opportunity for individual expression. The playing is of a higher caliber of quality, technique and expression than ever before (instrumental performance).

Be-Bop or just Bop KOKO is

The only example provided by textbook of the genre, bebop jazz.

Be-Bop or just Bop The Bebop or Bop was

A rebellion against the Big Band sound.

Be-Bop or just Bop Many influential (great influence, powerful) musicians organized _________ to allow for more expression rather than the former commercial minded style.

small combos. | An example of this style is "KoKo" by Charlie Parker. The tempo of "Koko" is fast!

Be-Bop or just Bop Form:

Mostly solos - bass player - one note per beat. Worth trying to pick the bass player sounds and following him! Very intensive and energetic.

Be-Bop or just Bop Cool Jazz

Miles Davis, Dave Brubeck - Birth of the Cool 1949, the modern jazz quartet.

Chapter 33 American Classical Music Influenced by Early Jazz George Gershwin composed _______

Rhapsody in Blue, music influenced by jazz.

American Classical Music Influenced by Early Jazz During the same timeframe in France --

Maurice Ravel was also influenced by jazz and wrote a jazzy improvisational second movement for his Piano Concerto in G.

American Classical Music Influenced by Early Jazz Genre of Gershwin's Rhapsody in Blue

Music for piano and orchestra as per book.

American Classical Music Influenced by Early Jazz In truth, as you know, rhapsody is _____________

one of them which is modified many times and reappears many times.

American Classical Music Influenced by Early Jazz Form:

Sectional

American Classical Music Influenced by Early Jazz William Gran Still - Afro-American Symphony

First movement is in sonata form. Also influenced by early styles of jazz.

Chapter 34 20th Century American Classical Styles Charles Ives

Experimentation with new musical ideas. | Have to listen to have a perspective on it.

20th Century American Classical Styles "The unanswered question" is

Chamber orchestra,not structured, quiet,serene in feeling.

20th Century American Classical Styles Aaron Copeland

"Fanfare for the Common Man" best known musical example.

Chapter 35 Musical theater Composer: Leonard Bernstein

West Side Story | about Puerto-Rican immigrants in New York, gangs, Latin sounds.

Musical theater Composer Stephen Sondheim, composer

Sweeney Todd, the musical, not the recent movie.

Musical theater Andrew Lloyd Webber, composer

Cats Phantom of the Opera Evita

Musical theater Rodgers and Hammerstein, composers

Early work: Oklahoma! Carousel State Fair

Chapter 36 Film music cue sheets

Told the musician when to start playing and when to stop playing to make sure that it matched the action of the film.

Film music Vitaphone

An invention that allowed music recorded on phonograph records to be played simultaneously with the film.

Film music Max Steiner

One of the first movie composers. He composed: King Kong Gone with the Wind - Tara's theme Casablanca (he did not right "As Time Goes By"

Film music Bernard Hermann, composer

``` Citizen Kane The Man Who Knew Too Much The Trouble with Harry The Wrong Man Vertigo North by Northwest Psycho Marnie ```

Film music John Williams, composer

Star Wars

Film music John Corigliano, classical composer of our time.

Films he composed: Altered States Revolution The Red Violin

Film music Philip Glass, classical composer of our time.

``` Films Koyaanisqatsi Candyman Farewell to the Flesh Kundon The Hours Undertow ```

Film music James Horner

``` One of the most highly respected composers to film music today. Ph.D in music composition and theory from UCLA and gained experience in film scoring at the American Film Institute. Films: Wolfen Aliens Field of Dreams Braveheart Apollo 13 A beautiful Mind Titanic ```

Film music Synthesizer music film scoring begins with ________

"Chariots of Fire".

Film music Giorgio Monroder, Italian-Swiss, besides composing for synthesizer based movie music, is also famous with

"Eurodisco" through his synthesizer production of Donna Summer's hit "Love to Love You". (Disco dance music)

Chapter 37-39

Will not be a part of your final exam.

Previous chapters Middle Ages to Romanticism They will be out of chronological order. An Opera is divided in ______

acts and scenes.

Middle Ages to Romanticism The structure of a single sonata movement is divided into three parts. _____ (introduction of the musical themes, usually two), ______ (treatments of those themes in various ways which transform them but still leave them recognizable), _____(repetition of the musical theme) and __________.

exposition development recapitulation coda

Middle Ages to Romanticism The majority of symphonies follow the ___________ movement scheme

Four

Middle Ages to Romanticism A piano trio would have the following instrumentation:

Cello, piano and violin.

Middle Ages to Romanticism A symphony in the classical period is divided into _______ as follows: 1. in _______ form and _______ tempo

Four movement scheme/form | 1. sonata fast

Middle Ages to Romanticism 2. ______________ in tempo

slow

Middle Ages to Romanticism 3. _______ in form and medium tempo.

sonata

Middle Ages to Romanticism 4. Sonata or _________ forms and in fast tempo

italic

Middle Ages to Romanticism A String Quartet composed by Beethoven and/or Haydn would have the following instrumentation:

Violin, cello, and piano.

Middle Ages to Romanticism An opera composer of the German romantic period was _________

Richard Wagner

Middle Ages to Romanticism "Handel's Messiah" is an example of Baroque Oratorio. It is composed using the _____________ language for the vocal parts.

English

Middle Ages to Romanticism "The Seasons" by Vivaldi is an example of __________ music composed during the Baroque Period.

Program music (baroque descriptive)

Middle Ages to Romanticism A grouping of art songs composed by Franz Schubert during the Romanticism is called.

``` Song cycles ( a grouping of art songs) "Die Schone Mullerin (The Maid of the Mill) "Die Winterreise (Winter Journey) ```

Middle Ages to Romanticism The composer of "German Requiem" is:

Johannes Brahms

Middle Ages to Romanticism German Requiem

It is an example of choral music composed during the Romanticism.

Middle Ages to Romanticism The classical period timeframe is, roughly from

1750 - 1800

Middle Ages to Romanticism A "daCapo" Aria is written in the

ABA form.

Middle Ages to Romanticism Peter Tchaikovsky

Russian composer, wrote incidental music to a ballet known as the "Romeo and Juliet" Concert Overture. This work is commonly performed by orchestras for concert purposes as well.

Middle Ages to Romanticism The Baroque Suite

Is a group of dances, therefore multimovement. These dances originate during the Renaissance and could be called minuet, sarabande, courante, etc.

Middle Ages to Romanticism The Symphonic Fantastique is an of:

Romantic Program music.

Middle Ages to Romanticism __________ is the Bohemian composer linked to the descriptive symphonic wok entitled "The Moldau".

Bedrich Smetana

Middle Ages to Romanticism The ______________ first movement is a great example of Beethoven's creativity and use of free form.

"Moonlight Sonata's"

Middle Ages to Romanticism The Fifth Symphony by Beethoven is said to be an example of _________ because it employs one motive which is repeated through all four movements of this symphony creating unifying effect.

cyclic form

Music Appreciation Final Exam Flashcards

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