biomechanical limitations

Question 1

biomechanical limitation

Answer 1

resistance from shortening , stiffness

Question 2

biomechanical limitation from

Answer 2

abnormal positioning/movement
prolonged immobilization 
impaired mm function
infection
swelling
ossification

Question 3

mm stiffness due to

Answer 3

passive stiffness
active stiffness
neurally mediated stiffness

Question 4

increased mm stiffness from

Answer 4

changes in

mm length
mm thixotropy
connective tissue
changes in mm fibers

Question 5

how mm length impacts stiffness

Answer 5

less extensibility makes more stiff,

Question 6

mm thixotropy

Answer 6

connective tissue gets solid state

Question 7

connective tissue impacts stiffness

Answer 7

scar tissue

Question 8

changes in mm fibers impacts mm stiffness

Answer 8

size, fatigibuality, alignment

Question 9

neurally mediated stiffness

Answer 9

spinal reflexes aren’t modulated by nervous system

Question 10

PNS you see UMN or LMN signs

Answer 10

LMN

Question 11

LMN signs

Answer 11

hypotonia
hyporeflexia
flacid
paralysis

Question 12

UMN signs

Answer 12

hypertonia, hyperreflexia, spasticity

paralysis

Question 13

__ results in decreased neural mediated stiffness

Answer 13

PNS

Question 14

__ results in increased neural mediated stiffness

Answer 14

CNS

Question 15

T/F not possible in mm innervated by damaged peripheral nerve to have increased neural stiffness

Answer 15

true

Question 16

T/F CNS pathology can result in decreased neural mediated stiffness too

Answer 16

T

Question 17

why CNS can be decreased neural mediated stiffness too

Answer 17

hypotonia early after injury (spinal shock)

Question 18

what can cause joint limiation

Answer 18

client posture
alignment
speed of movement (spasticity)

Question 19

heterotrophic ossification treatment consideratsion

Answer 19

same as for other biotech limitations

Question 20

what can you not do for HO

Answer 20

no forced stretch
just acitve/ pass ROM
no casting / immbolization

Question 21

what do for HO

Answer 21

functional activity
cardio
lease with MD

Question 22

HO

Answer 22

bone forming inside soft tissue

Question 23

clinical indicators of HO

Answer 23

sudden / dramatic decrease ROM
feel a bony block

confirmed on X-ray

Question 24

what can HO be confused with

Answer 24

DVT, infection, trauma

Question 25

T/F any individual with challenged in mobility and motor function is at risk of developing biomechanic limitat

Answer 25

T

Question 26

always include __ in biomech limit patients

Answer 26

prevent / minimize loss of ROM and flexibility

Question 27

5 things you should consider in neuro population

Answer 27

``` motor control tone flacid neglect sensory changes ```

Question 28

safety screening for neuo

Answer 28

assess sublax/ sulcus flacid/tone ER AROM/PROM with humerus in ER (thumbs up)

Question 29

Overhead pulleys for hemiparetic shoulder?

Answer 29

NO, NO, NO

Question 30

condition that requires decrease mm extensibitly for function

Answer 30

tenodesis grip

Question 31

condition requires increase mm extensibility for function

Answer 31

hamstring

Question 32

does soleus or gastroc impact sit to stand

Answer 32

soleus

Question 33

treatment for biomech strategies

Answer 33

maintain ROM anticipate loss of PROM treat limits consider individual needs

Question 34

goal of passive stretch

Answer 34

provide low load, long positional stretch

Question 35

t/f casting helpful with post head injury with CP

Answer 35

yes

Question 36

casting for HO or seizures?

Answer 36

no

Question 37

t/F stretch duration established in neuro population

Answer 37

no, FITT principals must be individually assessed

Question 38

contraindications for streching

Answer 38

``` bony block limts recent fracture not united acute inflam acute join piain hematoma when the contracture is helping stability post tendon transfer surgery ```

Question 39

precautions for stretching

Answer 39

``` dont force beyond normal PROM newly united fraction prolonged immboization osteoporosis edema when contractors are helping ```