Biomechanical Principles for Analysis of Movement (Part 2) Flashcards
1
Q
What is momentum and how do you calculate it?
A
Mass x Velocity
- Momentum is equal to the mass of the object multiplied by its velocity.
- Object with zero velocity = zero momentum.
- If two objects have the same mass, then the object which has the greater velocity will have the greater momentum, and vice versa.
- Objects with a greater momentum are more difficult to stop.
2
Q
What is impulse and how do you calculate it?
A
Force x Time
- To change the momentum of an object, a force must be applied over a period of time.
- An athlete doesn’t have an infinite amount of time to apply their force which limits impulse.
3
Q
What is linear motion?
A
Speed = Distance/Time Velocity = Displacement/Time
- Velocity is expressed as both the size and direction.
Acceleration = Change in velocity/time
- How quickly an object changes its rate of motion.
- Zero acceleration may not mean that the object is stationary, but means the object is not speeding up or slowing down.
4
Q
What is angular motion?
A
Angular Distance:
- Measured in degrees
- Measures the amount of degrees an object passes through from start to finish.
- Eg. an object that rotates twice has travelled 720 degrees.
Angular Displacement:
- Measured in degrees.
- Measures the amount of degrees the object moves form the starting point.
- Eg. an object that rotates twice has a displacement of 0 degrees.
Angular Speed:
- The measure of how quickly angular distance is covered.
- Eg. if it took 4 seconds to complete two rotations, then the angular speed is 180 degrees per second.
Angular Velocity:
- Is the measure of how quickly the object has moved from its starting point and in what direction it has moved (clockwise or anti-clockwise).
- Eg. 4 seconds to complete two rotations, the displacement would be 0 degrees per second.
Angular Acceleration:
- The measure of the rate of change of angular position.
- It can be positive (speeding up) and negative (slowing down).
