biomechanics lecture 2 Flashcards
1
Q
Hoof on the ground
A
- Landing
- Loading
- Stance
- Propulsion and rollover
- Swings
2
Q
Support face (full contact and load)
A
- Propulsion into the next stride
- Hoof leaves ground with heels
- Rolls over the toe
3
Q
Ground reaction forces
A
Locomotion is the result of forces generated when the hooves press against ground
4
Q
Three force vectors
A
- Transverse vector
- Vertical vector
- Longitudinal vector
5
Q
Transverse vector
A
Turns or lateral movements
6
Q
Vertical vector
A
Weight bearing, jumps
7
Q
Longitudinal vector
A
Accelerating and braking
8
Q
Factors that influence GRF
A
- Bodyweight
- Gait
- Speed
- Collection
- Footing
- Shoeing
9
Q
Identify limb lameness
A
Horse tries to decrease peak vertical force on lame limb
10
Q
Prevention of concussive injuries
A
- Breed for optimal leg conformation
- Select horses with rapid swing phase retraction
- Optimal use of hoof mechanism
- Raising conditions
- Turnout
- Work different footings
- Good shape
- Technical training always on flat footing
- Speed increases GRF
11
Q
Central pattern generators
A
Autonomous groups of neutrons that produce rhythmic and coordinated locomotor movements
12
Q
Cushioning
A
The ability to dampen and reduce maximum force
13
Q
Elasticity
A
- Contributes to propulsion
- Stiffness needed for stability
- Rebound must be timed with movement of horse
14
Q
Grip/shear resistance
A
Affect amount of sliding during landing, turning and pushing off
