Biotechnology Flashcards
(17 cards)
Plasmid
DNA that can provide a selective advantage
often used as a “cloning vector”
Restricting Enzymes
bacterial enzymes that cut wherever a specific nucleotide sequence occurs
DNA ligase
binds together the “sticky ends” of DNA strands
Recombinant DNA
composed of DNA from two or more organisms
Selective Markers
can be used to see which cells have been transformed
ex) antibiotic resistance, color change
humilin
genetically engineered human insulin
What is used to produce humilin?
genetically altered E. Coli
human immune systems developed antibodies against what? what was the result?
bovine and porcine insulin
inflammatory response at injection site
BONUS: who is Dr. Paul Berg
widely regarded as a pioneer in genetic engineering
won the Nobel Prize in 1980
Bt Toxin
Bacillus thuringiensis bacteria produces a protein toxic only to insect larvae
what is the problem with Bt corn?
it is not approved by the FDA for human consumption
StarLink Corn
contains a protein known as Cry9C (natural Bt toxin)
Cry9C
protein that is not easily digested so it could possibly be an allergen in humans
Golden Rice
gene for beta carotene production was transferred from a daffodil into a rice plant
beta carotine is the precursor to what?
production of Vitamin A
Short Tandem Repeats
multiple copies of a short DNA sequence that follows one another along a chromosome
number and distribution are unique among all individuals
Gel Electrophoresis
reveals the DNA fingerprint/ sequence of short tandem repeats
electric field pulls all DNA fragments through a semi-solid gel according to their length as they migrate
