Chapter 11 Flashcards

(9 cards)

1
Q

Define passive transport

A

There is no energy input required

exemplified by simple diffusions and facilitated diffusion

uses concentration gradient; molecules move across a bilayer based on gradients

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Define Active Transport

A

uses energy to transfer molecules against a concentration gradient

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Facilitated Diffusion

A

uses channel proteins to move large or charged molecules down their concentration gradient

ex) chemically gated Na+ channel found in muscle cell plasma membranes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Simple Diffusion

A

involves the propulsion of each solute by random molecular motion from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What allows the uptake of glucose from the blood to ultimately lower blood sugar?

A

Insulin

causes change within cells that are response/sensitive to insulin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are the two forms of active transport and define them?

A

Primary Active Transport

- transmembrane ATP-hydrolizing enzymes provide the energy to drive the transport of ions or molecules
- NaK ATPase (sodium potassium pump)

Secondary Active Transport

- concentration gradients formed by primary active transport tare used to move their substances across the membrane
- ATP-ADP translocase - movement of ATP out of inner membrane space and ADP into the mitochondrial matrix to be used to make ATP
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Cystic Fibroses

A

autosomal recessive genetic disorder (from Mom and Dad)

greatly effects the lungs and digestive tract

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

CFTR Protein

A
  • chloride transporter found at the plasma membrane of epithelial cells
  • in normal cells, allows the release of Cl- from the cell

-when blocked it causes very thick and dry mucus layer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Effects of thick mucus secretions in CF

A

in lungs - prevent cilia on surface of cells from clearing bacteria and also makes it difficult to breathe

in pancreas - block passageways so digestive enzymes cannot get to the intestine - can’t absorb nutrients

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly