Flashcards in Chapter 11 Deck (9)
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1
Define passive transport
There is no energy input required
exemplified by simple diffusions and facilitated diffusion
uses concentration gradient; molecules move across a bilayer based on gradients
2
Define Active Transport
uses energy to transfer molecules against a concentration gradient
3
Facilitated Diffusion
uses channel proteins to move large or charged molecules down their concentration gradient
ex) chemically gated Na+ channel found in muscle cell plasma membranes
4
Simple Diffusion
involves the propulsion of each solute by random molecular motion from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration
5
What allows the uptake of glucose from the blood to ultimately lower blood sugar?
Insulin
causes change within cells that are response/sensitive to insulin
6
What are the two forms of active transport and define them?
Primary Active Transport
- transmembrane ATP-hydrolizing enzymes provide the energy to drive the transport of ions or molecules
- NaK ATPase (sodium potassium pump)
Secondary Active Transport
- concentration gradients formed by primary active transport tare used to move their substances across the membrane
- ATP-ADP translocase - movement of ATP out of inner membrane space and ADP into the mitochondrial matrix to be used to make ATP
7
Cystic Fibroses
autosomal recessive genetic disorder (from Mom and Dad)
greatly effects the lungs and digestive tract
8
CFTR Protein
- chloride transporter found at the plasma membrane of epithelial cells
- in normal cells, allows the release of Cl- from the cell
-when blocked it causes very thick and dry mucus layer
9
