birds Flashcards
(123 cards)
1
Q
What 2 orders are commonly kept as
Pets
A
Psittaciformes, passeriformes
2
Q
Psittaciforms
A
Parrots
3
Q
Passeriformes
A
Canaries and finches
4
Q
What is the only generic bird
A
There is none
5
Q
Anseriformes
A
Waterfowl
6
Q
Ciconiformes
A
Water bird (long pointy beak)
7
Q
Falconiformes
A
Raptors
8
Q
Galliformes
A
Fowl
9
Q
How many orders are there
A
27
10
Q
What order makes up 60% of all birds
A
Passerines
11
Q
How many air sacs do passerines have
A
7
12
Q
How many air sacs do most birds have
A
9
13
Q
Where are psittacines primarily found
A
Tropical regions
14
Q
Lorliidae
A
Lories and lorikeets
15
Q
Cacatuidae
A
Cockatoos
16
Q
Psittacidae
A
Parakeets and parrots
17
Q
define anisodactyl
A
3 toes forward and 1 back
18
Q
what order is anisodactyl
A
passerines
19
Q
what is behavior influenced by
A
species, individual bird, and environment
20
Q
what is the difference between lories and lorikeets
A
lories have a short tail and lorikeets have a long tail
21
Q
what bird has a brush-tipped tongue to eat nectar
A
lories and lorikeets
22
Q
what bird can sleep on its back
A
rainbow lories
23
Q
what bird is prone to PBFD (beak and feather disease
A
cockatoos
24
Q
when do cockatoos display their crest
A
when happy, mating, or nervous
25
what are budgerigar aka
budgies and parakeets
26
what color cere does a male budgerigar have
blue/purple
27
name a sexually dimorphic bird
eclectus
28
what is the 2nd most popular bird
cockatiel
29
what bird is predisposed to diseases like feather plucking
African grey
30
what bird does manogomus pairing
lovebirds
31
what bird is prone to destructive behavior
macaw
32
who are "the clowns of the bird world"
conure
33
what bird has a common hormonal aggression phase from 5-12 years
amazon
34
define oviparous
egg layers
35
what are feathers made of
keratin
36
what are contour feathers
cover the body and include flight feathers of wings and tail
37
what are remiges
flight feathers of the wing
38
what are retrices
feathers of the tail
39
what are auriculars
cover the ears (protect and amplify sound)
40
what are semiplume feathers
under contour; insulation, flexability, boyancy
41
what are down feathers
next to skin; warmth and insulation
42
what are filoplume feathers
nape and upper back; contain nerve ending in follicle
43
what are bristle feathers
around eyes, nostrils, mouth, and toes in some birds
44
what are powder down feathers
breast, belly, and back; grow continuously
45
where do the primaires originate from
carpus and metacarpus
46
where do the secondaries originate from
radius and ulna
47
where do the tail retrices originate from
pygostyle
48
what are pterylae
feathered tracts
49
what are apterylae
featherless tracts
50
what are coverts
smaller contour feathers at the bases of flight feathers
51
what are rachis
main shaft of feather
52
what are barbs
attached to rachis
53
what are barbules
attached to barbs
54
what are patagium
wing web
55
what are hooklets
attached to barbules
56
what is the uropygial gland
preen/oil gland at base of tail
57
what bird is the uropygial gland more prominent in
waterfowl
58
what is the keel
along the sternum, provides attachment of the pectoral muscles
59
what is notarium
fusion of the first thoracic vertebrae
60
what is synsacrum
fusion of the caudal thoracic, lumbar, sacral, and caudal vertebrae
61
what is pygostyle
distal fusion of caudal vertebrae
62
what are pneumatic bones
proximal bones that are air-filled which connect to the respiratory tract
63
where should an IO catheter be used
in the ulna or proximal tibia
64
what bone has a larger diameter: radius or ulna
ulna
65
what assists with flexibility and aerodynamics of flight
patagium
66
what type of bird has a shorter humorus
flapping birds
67
do birds have a diaphragm
no
68
what surrounds the apex
the liver
69
how large is a birds heart
1.5-2 times larger than mammals
70
where should IM injections be given
pectorals
71
where do a birds ureters empty into
cloaca
72
are creatinine and BUN useful in renal function tests for birds
no
73
what is tested for renal function in birds and why
uric acid; increases in the blood with renal failure
74
what makes up 15% of a birds weight
eyes
75
what is a voluntary strated muscle in birds
iris
76
pigmented structure that provides nutrients to the vitreous
pectena
77
what are the bones that support the eye
sclerotic ring
78
what is a syrinx
sound producing structure cranial to bifurcation of trachea
79
when does oxygen exchange happen in birds
both inhale and exhale
80
do birds have an abdomen
no; coelomic cavity
81
what is a true gladular stomach in birds
proventriculus
82
what is a gizzard
ventriculus
83
what do the feces of parrots contain
gram + organisms
84
what receives birds feces
copradeum
85
what receives urine and urates from the ureters
urodeum
86
what is the area just before a birds vent
proctodeum
87
how many functional ovaries do female birds have
one; left
88
how long does it take to "lay" the shell
20 hours
89
what temp should bird eggs be incubated
95C 35C
90
what is a normal blood glucose for birds
twice that of mammals
91
what is the anticoagulent of choice for birds
lithium heparin
92
what do seed based diets provide
low vitamins, calcium, and protein; high fat
93
what should birds not be fed
peanuts, avocados, and chocolate
94
what can some aviary birds be prone to
iron storage disease
95
what is hemochromatosis
excessive iron in the diet
96
what is a "tail bob" indicative of
dyspnea
97
what should not be restricted during restraint
sternum movement
98
what indicates body condition
pectoral muscles
99
what vein should be used to assess hydration
basilic
100
basilic vein aka
cutanious ulnar vein
101
what air sac should be used for intubation
caudal thoracic
102
what type of anesthesia machine should be used on birds
non-rebreathers
103
what should be used for preparation of skin
chlorhexidine
104
what are fluids administered at
7.5 ml/kg/hr
105
what feathers are clipped in large birds
only primaries
106
what jugular vein is larger
right
107
how much blood can be taken from a bird
1% of body weight
108
what is the best type of medication for clients
liquid oral
109
what is metals are toxic to birds
zinc and lead
110
what does CTT mean
comfy t-shirt temp (70F)
111
how much of the liver is damaged before CS are seen
80%
112
what does flu-like symptoms and lime green feces indicate
chlamydiosis
113
what is the treatment of chlamydiosis
tetracycline for 45 days
114
what disease is most pathogenic
avian influenza
115
what is the most commonly seen pox
canary
116
what has a vaccine
canary pox; every 6 months, and budgie fledgling disease
117
what is pacheco's disease
herpes virus
118
what is budgie fledgling disease aka
french molt
119
what is considered to be fatal once CS develope
psittacine beak and feather disease (PBFD)
120
what is a fatal disease found in poultry most often
exotic new castle disease
121
what does gray/white lesions in the oral cavity indicate
candidiasis
122
what causes pitting and scaling of beak and skin in birds
knemidokoptes pilae
123
what vaccine is USDA registered
plyoma virus
