reptilian Flashcards
(126 cards)
1
Q
what are the 2 most common causes of illness in exotics
A
husbandry and nutrition
2
Q
turtle order
A
chelonia
3
Q
crocodile order
A
crocodylia
4
Q
tuatara order
A
rhyncocephalia
5
Q
snakes and lizard order
A
squamata
6
Q
snake suborder
A
serpentes
7
Q
lizard suborder
A
sauria
8
Q
what are reptiles characterized by (3)
A
breathing air, laying eggs, skin covered in scales or scutes
9
Q
cold blooded metabolism aka
A
ectothermic
10
Q
having four limbs or being descended from four-limbed ancestors
A
tetrapods
11
Q
what birth class do reptiles belong to
A
oviparous
12
Q
science of dealing with reptiles
A
herpetology
13
Q
what is the anatomy of the reptilian heart
A
three chambered; 2 atria, 2 ventricles, and 2 aortas
14
Q
how do reptiles breath
A
using lungs
15
Q
what is different about reptile kidneys
A
they are unable to produce liquid urine more concentrated than their body fluid
16
Q
do reptiles have bladders
A
some do
17
Q
do reptiles have a short or long digestive tract
A
short
18
Q
are reptiles considered smarter or dumber than mammals and birds
A
dumberd
19
Q
vision typically adapted to daylight conditions
A
diurnal
20
Q
what covers the amniotic eggs of a reptile
A
leathery or calcareous shells
21
Q
asexual reproduction
A
parthenogenesis
22
Q
arboreal
A
tree dwellers
23
Q
terrestrial
A
land dwellers
24
Q
marine
A
ocean dwellers
25
what is the most primative group of living reptile
chelonia
26
what is a terrapin
a small turtle
27
what is the dorsal part of the shell and how many bones are in it
carapace; 50
28
what is the ventral part of the shell and how many bones are in it
plastron; 9
29
keratinized epithelium covering the bones of the shell (shed regularly)
scutes
30
T or F: a turtles shell is a living structure
true
31
do turtles have a diaphragm
no
32
how is respiration achieved in turtles
contracting muscle between pectoral and pelvic limbs during locomotion
33
who can exchange oxygen through skin and other mucosal surfaces
some aquatic and soft shelled turtles
34
what are the turtles lungs attached to
the carapace
35
air gathering in throat aka
buccal pumping
36
do turtles ave a renal portal system
yes
37
what do a turtles salivary glands produce
mucus only
38
where is the stomach located in a turtle
left side of ceolomic cavity
39
what does the digestive tract empty into
the cloaca
40
where are a turtles gonads located
cranial to kidneys
41
where do the urogenital ducts empty into
the neck of the bilobed bladder
42
what gender of turtle is the larger
female
43
what reptile lacks loop of henle
turtle
44
how does incubation determine the gender of turtle eggs
higher temp=females
| lower temp=males
45
cell unique to reptiles, same function as heterophil but looks like a monocyte
azuraphil
46
what does a reptile thrombocyte look like
small, round, neucleated
47
what % humidity do reptiles require
50-70
48
aquatic turtle water temp
75-82
49
does a filtraion system eliminate the need for water changes
no
50
which turtle is mainly omnivorous
aquatic
51
how often should young turtles be fed
every day or every other day
52
how often should adult turtles be fed
2-3 times a week
53
terrestrial turtle temp
75-90
54
what substrate should be avoided in turtles
ceder or pine shavings
55
which turtle is mainly herbavorous
terrestrial
56
common turtle disease caused by improper diet or UV exposure
metabolic bone disease
57
how is MBD treated
diet correction
58
blepharitis
swollen eyelids
59
what can occur with oversupplementation
vitamin A toxicity
60
what is a zoonotic bacterial infection
salmonellosis
61
what is salmonella more common in
aquatic turtles
62
bacterial infection of the shell involving the loss of scutes
wet shell rot
63
fungal infection of the shell involving the loss of scutes
dry shell rot
64
what is SCUD
septicemic cutaneous ulcerative disease
65
how can shell cracks be fixed
sterile fiberglass, dental acrylic, orthopedic wiring
66
what is one of the most common presentations of turtles
respiratory disease
67
deposition of uric acid in joints
gout
68
what do land turtles excrete
urea
69
what do aquatic turtles excrete
uric acid and ammonia
70
what is the most common radiography position for turtles
dorso ventral
71
what type of drugs are preferred for turtles
perenteral
72
is intubation on a turtle possible while it is awake
yes, they cant caugh
73
what PPV is recommended for turtles
4-8 BPM
74
what anticoagulant is used for reptiles
lithium heparin
75
how is subcarapacial blood drawn
ventral aspect of carapace midline
76
how long can snakes live
10-20 years
77
boa and python family
boids
78
evolutionary snakes
boids
79
snake family that makes up 2/3 of all snakes
colubrids
80
what birth class are snakes in
ovoviviparous
81
innermost layer- connective tissue of snakes
stratum compactum
82
connective tissue, blood vessels, glands, and nerve endings of snakes
stratum spongiosum
83
what are the 2 layers of the snake dermis
stratum compactum and stratum spongiosum
84
what are the 2 layers of the snake epidermis
stratum germinativum and stratum corneum
85
innermost layer of snake skin that divides continuously
stratum germinativum
86
flattened dead cells of snake
stratum corneum
87
normal shedding that occurs throughout duration of life
ecdysis
88
how many times does a snake shed in a year
6-10
89
inability to shed normally and completely
dysecdysis
90
what are the 2 halves to the lower jaw held together by
intramandibular hinge
91
elongated and mobile bone that contributes to the ability of a snake to swallow large prey
quadrrate bone
92
jacobson's organ aka
vomeronasal sense
93
what is a snakes heart position related to
habitat
94
do snakes possess a renal protal system
yes
95
what lung in a snake is functioning
right
96
how is respiration achieved by a snake
movement of the intercostal muscles
97
describe a snakes kidneys
bilateral, lobulated; right is cranial
98
does a snake have a bladder
no
99
what is a snakes waste
uric acid
100
do snakes have a true uterus
no they have a cloaca
101
how far will a probe go in a female snake
1-3 subcaudal scales
102
how far will a probe go in a male snake
9-15 subcaudal scales
103
what substrait do dry snakes have
aspen shavings
104
do snakes require UV light
no
105
hygrometer
humidity gauge
106
how often are young snakes fed
2 times a week
107
how often are adult snakes fed
every 1-2 weeks
108
what temp do reptiles hibernate
40F
109
reptile temp
not useful
110
reptile pulse
40-100
111
reptile respiration
4-30
112
where are IV meds given
tail vein
113
change color to communicate
chromatophores
114
release of skin due to stress
autotomy
115
lizard teeth are either
acrodont or pleurodont
116
toes fused into claw-like foot
zygodactylous
117
do lizards have a bladder
yes
118
leg-less lizards
apodal
119
basilisks
bipedal
120
how is lizard respiration achieved
intercostal movement
121
lizards are uricotelic aka
secrete uric acid
122
do lizards have a renal portal system
yes
123
reproduction without presence of a male
parthenogenesis
124
3rd eye ontop of head
parietal eye
125
what can a lack of vit. D3 cause
metabolic bone disease
126
what should be used for IO placement in lizards
femur, tibia, or humerus
