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Botany > Block 3 - Immune System > Flashcards

Block 3 - Immune System Flashcards

(79 cards)

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1
Q

aggregated nodules are made of blank

A

b lymphocytes

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2
Q

aggregated nodules of lymphocytes in pharyngeal region

A

tonsils

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3
Q

germinal centers are blank stained because of blank

A

lightly, immaturity

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4
Q

thin walled vessels that collect and transport intercellular fluid

A

lymphatics

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5
Q

lympatics have blank like veins

A

valves

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6
Q

lymphatics take lymph to and from blank

A

lymph nodes

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7
Q

largest lymphatic that is emptied into the venous system

A

thoracic duct

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8
Q

part of lymph node that is dense ct and continues as trabeculae

A

capsule

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9
Q

part of lymph node that has reticular cells, reticular fibers, and mixed phagocytic cells

A

stroma

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10
Q

reticular cells are aka

A

fibroblasts

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11
Q

reticular fibers are blank collagen

A

type 3

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12
Q

blank lymphatics bring lymph to the node

A

afferent

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13
Q

blank lymphatics bring lymph away from the node

A

efferent

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14
Q

layer of cortex that has nodules/b cells

A

outer

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15
Q

layer of cortex that has dense collection of t lymphocytes

A

inner

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16
Q

blank nodules have a circular solid mass of mature lymphocytes with some macrophages and dendritic cells

A

primary

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17
Q

blank nodules have a germinal center

A

secondary

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18
Q

part of lymph node that has cords of b lymphocytes and numerous large sinuses lined by endothelial and phagocytic cells

A

medulla

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19
Q

b lymphocytes become blank cells which become blank

A

plasma cells, antibodies

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20
Q

medulla involves the formation of blank lymphatics

A

efferent

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21
Q

large lymphocytes that differentiate into mature cells

A

immunoblasts

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22
Q

during maturation, lymphocytes get blank

A

smaller

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23
Q

blood vessels enter and exit lymph node at the blank

A

hilus

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24
Q

arteries become blank in cortex

A

capillaries

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25
capillaries become blank in deep cortex
post capillary venules
26
circulating lymphocytes have surface markers called blank that recognize surface markers on the high endothelium and emigrate venule to enter lymph node
selectins
27
lymph node produces blank and traps blank
lymphocytes/antibodies, bacteria/foreign matter
28
white spots of spleen
white pulp
29
red spots of spleen
red pulp
30
darkly stained spots of spleen are lymphocytes and make up the blank
white pulp
31
spleen has a similar structure to lymph node due to these
capsule, stroma
32
white pulp makes up 20 % of spleen and has these
b/t lymphocytes
33
red pulp two divisions of spleen
venous sinuses, splenic cords
34
cant tell divisions of red pulp of spleen apart because they both are full of blank
blood
35
there is no blank in spleen
medulla
36
this runs through t cell masses and lymphoid follicles
central artery
37
red pulp sinuses has minimal blank and is encircled by few reticular fibers
basal lamina
38
RBC become healthy in the splenic blank then squeeze into blank
cord, splenic sinus
39
narrow zone of modified red pulp adjacent to white pulp and receives blood from local small arterioles
marginal zone
40
marginal zone has blank sinuses and has blank presenting cells in the area
small, antigen
41
large bv in spleen are supported by blank
trabeculae
42
blood dumped into blank are exposed to local macrophages
splenic cords
43
blood cells are safe when passed into blank
splenic sinuses
44
blood flow pattern of spleen
Splenic artery --> trabecular artery --> central artery (surrounded by lymphocytes) --> small arteriole in red pulp --> penicilli arteries (which discharge/dump blood into splenic cord to enter sinuses via their slits) --> venule draining sinus --> larger venule --> trabecular vein --> splenic vein
45
spleen not only destroys aged rbc and produce lymphocytes, but it also sequesters blank to become blank
monocytes, macrophages
46
T lymphocytes come from blank
thymus
47
lymphocytes in thymus are cytologically isolated from blank
external stimuli
48
stroma of thymus is blank because it is derived from outpouchings of epithelium lining of the pharynx
epithelium
49
thymus release blank which teach immature lymphocytes how to become immune competent
cytokines
50
thymus has these cells forming the epithelial stroma of the thymus and are different from reticular cells and reticular fibers in lymph node and spleen
epithelial reticular cells
51
epithelial reticular cells of thymus are responsible for imparting blank of immature lymphocytes
immunocompetency
52
epithelial reticular cells form a blank barrier
blood-thymus
53
cortex of thymus has a solid dark staining mass of blank
lymphocytes
54
undifferentiating lymphocytes come from bone marrow, enter cortex and move toward blank as they mature
medulla
55
percent of T cells that are eliminated
95%
56
medullae of adjoining lobules of thymus look blank
continuous with each other
57
medulla of thymus stains blank due to blank
pale, fewer lymphocytes
58
unique focal, concentric clumps of epithelial reticular cells that become cornified... part of thymus
thymic/hassal's corpuscles
59
hassall's corpuscles increase with blank
age
60
as we get older, the concentration of blank diminishes and cortico medullary distinction is blank
lymphocytes, lost
61
two types of immunity performed by lymphocytes
humoral, cell mediated
62
blank immunity is manifested by production of antibodies by plasma cells
humoral
63
humoral immunity does not require cells presence for blank to react with blank
antibody, antigen
64
immunity where the cells presence is required as it performs a function like killing a cell
cell mediated immunity
65
two types of lymphocytes
T, B
66
origin of b cells in birds
bursa of fabricius
67
lymph nodes, spleen, etc are considered blank lymphoid organs since they don't develop there
secondary
68
lymphoid organ attached to cloaca in birds
bursa of fabricius
69
human equivalent to bursa of fabricius
bone marrow
70
three types of t cells
helper, killer (cytotoxic), suppressor
71
percent of lymphocytes in blood that are t
80
72
percent of lymphocytes in blood that are b
15%
73
cant tell the difference between blank and blank lymphocytes
t,b
74
b cells only function in blank infection
bacterial
75
t cells function blank unlike b cells
intracellularly
76
cd 4 t cells are blank t cells
helper
77
cd8 t cells are blank t cells
cytotoxic
78
helper t cells help mark antigen for blank cells
t, and b
79
killer t cells also release blank which enter target cell and mess up metabolism so it undergoes apoptosis
granzymes

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