Block 6 Pharmacology

Question 1

Memantine - class

Answer 1

NMDA receptor antagonist

Question 2

Memantine - MoA

Answer 2

Blocks prolonged Ca2+ influx and protects against chronically elevated concentration of glutamate.

Question 3

Memantine - uses

Answer 3

Dementia

Question 4

Diazepam - class

Answer 4

Benzodiazepine

Question 5

Diazepam - MoA

Answer 5

Enhances effects of GABA by increasing affinity of receptor at regulatory site. Increases influx of Cl- causing hyper polarisation and inhibits action potential -> suppresses brain circuits.

Question 6

Diazepam - uses

Answer 6

Severe anxiety disorder, sedative and muscle relaxant

Question 7

Donepezil class

Answer 7

Reversible AChE inhibitor

Question 8

Donepezil - MoA

Answer 8

Reversibly inhibits AChE - prevents hydrolysis of ACh.

Question 9

Donepezil - uses

Answer 9

Dementia and Alzheimers.

Question 10

Chlorpromazine - class

Answer 10

Phenothiazine based antipsychotic - dopamine and serotonin receptor antagonist

Question 11

Chlorpromazine - MoA

Answer 11

Long term adaptation of brain to blocking dopamine receptors.

Question 12

Chlorpromazine - uses

Answer 12

Long term schizophrenia, antiemetic and sedative.

Question 13

Haloperidol - class

Answer 13

Dopamine receptor antagonist

Question 14

Haloperidol - MoA

Answer 14

Depresses CNS via inhibiting RAS and inhibiting catecholamine receptors.

Question 15

Haloperidol - uses

Answer 15

Sedative and antiemetic.

Question 16

Amitriptyline - class

Answer 16

Serotonin and noradrenaline reuptake inhibitor (SNRI)

Question 17

Amitriptyline - MoA

Answer 17

Metabolised to nortriptyline which inhibits the pumps and increases serotonin and NA levels.

Question 18

Amitriptyline - uses

Answer 18

Depression, chronic pain, IBS, sleep disorders, agitation

Question 19

Buspirone - class

Answer 19

Serotonin partial receptor agonist

Question 20

Buspirone - MoA

Answer 20

Binds and reduces firing rate of neurones in dorsal raphe - reduces serotonin activity.

Question 21

Buspirone - uses

Answer 21

GAD

Question 22

Lithium - class

Answer 22

Mood stabilising agent

Question 23

Lithium - MoA

Answer 23

Li+ displaces K+, Na+ and Ca2+ in enzymes and NT receptors.

Question 24

Lithium - uses

Answer 24

Depression, bipolar.

Question 25

Phenelzine - class

Answer 25

MAOI

Question 26

Phenelzine - MoA

Answer 26

Irreversible inhibition of MAO -> increases monoamine availability.

Question 27

Phenelzine - uses

Answer 27

Major depression

Question 28

Risperidone - class

Answer 28

Atypical antipsychotic

Question 29

Risperidone - MoA

Answer 29

Blocks 5-HT2 receptors in mesocortiyal tract to reduce negative symptoms. Inhibits D2 receptors, alpha 1 and 2 adrenergic receptors and H1 receptors.

Question 30

Risperidone - uses

Answer 30

Schizophrenia, bipolar disorder and delusional psychosis

Question 31

Oxybutynin - uses

Answer 31

Muscarinic ACh receptor antagonist

Question 32

Oxybutynin - MoA

Answer 32

Competitively antagonises M1, 2 and 3 -> reduces detrusor activity.

Question 33

Oxybutynin - uses

Answer 33

Relieves urinary and bladder activity.

Question 34

Clozapine - class

Answer 34

Psychotropic agent - selective monoaminergic antagonist.

Question 35

Clozapine - MoA

Answer 35

D2 receptor antagonism - relieves + symptoms | 5-HT2a relieves - symptoms

Question 36

Clozapine - uses

Answer 36

Schizophrenia

Question 37

Citalopram - class

Answer 37

SSRI

Question 38

Citalopram - MoA

Answer 38

Blocks reuptake of serotonin -> less side effects than tricyclics.

Question 39

Citalopram - uses

Answer 39

Depression

Question 40

Venlafaxine - class

Answer 40

Serotonin reuptake inhibitor

Question 41

Venlafaxine - MoA

Answer 41

Inhibits serotonin and NE reuptake

Question 42

Venlafaxine - uses

Answer 42

Depression

Question 43

Zoplicone - class

Answer 43

GABAB2 agonist

Question 44

Zoplicone - MoA

Answer 44

Full agonist of alpha 1, 2 and 3 GABA receptors -> increases inhibitory action of GABA -> hypnotic and anxiolytic.

Question 45

Zoplicone - uses

Answer 45

Insomnia