Block2b Flashcards
(44 cards)
TH1 is turned off by what cytokines?
IL-10 and IL-4
TH2 is turned off by what cytokines?
IL-12 and IFN gamma
Does TI-1 or TI-2 use cross linking, pulling multiple receptors together?
TI-2
What three things does B-cell activation alone result there in?
Clonal Expansion interact with T-helper cells secrete low levels of IgM
Any self-reacting T cell that is allowed to leave the thymus may be prevented from attacking self by peripheral tolerance mechanisms. Name three of these mechanisms
Peripheral clonal anergy Regulatory T cells Immune privileged site inhibition or destruction of lymphocytes
Central Tolerance prevents T-Cells and B-cells interacting through what process of elimination?
Negative Seletion
Peripheral Tolerance: B cell and T cells can react to self antigen but are not activated, by what process?
Self Regulatory T/B cells
Thymus dependent cells prefer to bind to what?
Proteins and glycoproteins
TI-2 antigens, use what state in order to generate a large signal?
Pack receptors and co-receptors closely together in order to generate a signal
B cell activation, thymus independent, causes stimulation of what co-receptor and expression of a low level of what antibody?
B7 IgM
During MHCII and TCR interaction CD3 interacts with what cell signaling pathway
LCK protein with ITAMS
When there is class switching, there is a loss of ______________in the heavy chain. The ________________ is untouched, the affinity and specificity are unchanged.
DNA Variable region
Pollen associated allergy such as birch pollen, what other foods can be problematic?
apple, mango, peach, celery, and carrot
House dust mite, German Cockroach, chitin, what other foods can be problematic?
Shrimp Tropomysin, snails
Latex, what other foods will be problematic?
avocado, potato, banana, tomato, chestnut, kiwi
What cells are responsible for dermatitis under the skin?
Dendritic Cells
When IgE binds -> what pathway and Interleukin will most likely be used?
Th2 and IL-4
What hypersensitivity reaction results from an exposure over a long period of time, that at some point quickly manifests itself?
Type 1 HSR Sensitization phase becomes an elicitation phase, causing a problem
Plasma Cells have an extensive what when making antibodies?
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
Why doesn’t cooking something, eliminate the allergy problem?
The allergy is the result of an antigen that will bind to IgE, because of this, the antigen will not be destroyed, still linear and still will attach to receptor
During Mast cell stimulation, what induces platelet activating factor, and other lipid mediators? What enzyme is secreted that destroys elastic/connective tissue through out this process?
Prostaglandins Tryptase
What is rhinitis? What granulocyte is responsible for discharge that will kick off inflammation?
Runny Nose Eosinophil
When there is acute inflammation, what is cytokines are used? What do they do?
Histamine, Prostaglandin, and Leukotrienes Histamine: Vasodilation Prostaglandin: Bronchoconstriction Leukotrienes: Mucus
When there is chronic inflammation, what cytokines are used?
IL-4, IL-5, TNF alpha, PAF Eosinophil, Basophil, and Endothelial Migration
