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(Q3) BE - ANA 102 > BLOOD > Flashcards

BLOOD Flashcards

1
Q

a transport system that transports nutrients, waste, and hormones

A

Blood

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2
Q

Erythrocytes sink to the bottom, 45% of blood, a percentage known as the

A

Hematocrit

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3
Q

Buffy coat is thick, whitish layer between the erythrocytes and plasma

A

White blood cells and platelets

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4
Q

rises to the top (55% of the blood)

A

Plasma

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5
Q

Color of oxygen-rich blood

A

Scarlet red

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6
Q

Color of oxygen-poor blood

A

Dull red or purple

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7
Q

The metallic and salty taste of blood is because of the presence of

A

Electrolytes

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8
Q

True or false. blood pH is slightly basic

A

False. Blood is slightly alkaline, between 7.35 and 7.45

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9
Q

How many liters of blood are found in a healthy adult?

A

5-6 liters

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10
Q

Blood makes up how much percent of body weight?

A

8%

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11
Q

The extracellular matrix of the blood; 90% water; Straw-colored fluid

A

Blood plasma

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12
Q

an important blood buffer and contributes to osmotic pressure

A

Albumin

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13
Q

clotting proteins; help to stem blood loss when a blood vessel is injured

A

Fibrinogen

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14
Q

help protect the body from pathogens

A

Globulin

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15
Q

3 formed elements from the blood

A

Erythrocytes, leukocytes, and thrombocytes

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16
Q

Main function is to carry oxygen that contains few organelles and lack mitochondria to make room for hemoglobin

A

Erythrocytes

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17
Q

True or false. Erythrocytes are shaped like biconcave discs

A

True

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18
Q

Normal count of RBCs

A

5 million per cubic mm

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19
Q

An erythrocyte can have ___ million hemoglobin molecule

A

250

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20
Q

is a decrease in the oxygen-carrying ability of the blood due to lower-than-normal number of RBCs and abnormal or deficient hemoglobin content in the RBCs

A

Anemia

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21
Q

results from abnormally shaped hemoglobin caused by the change of hemoglobin sequence of amino acids

A

Sickle cell anemia

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22
Q

is a disorder resulting from excessive or abnormal increase of RBCs

A

Polycythemia

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23
Q

Bone marrow cancer

A

Polycythemia Vera

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24
Q

Crucial in body’s defense against disease. Complete cells, with nucleus and organelles

A

Leukocytes

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25
Q

Leukocytes are able to move into and out of blood vessels through the process of

A

Diapedesis

26
Q

Leukocytes’ response to chemical release by damaged tissues

A

Positive chemotaxis

27
Q

Normal count of WBCs

A

4,800 to 10,800 per cubic mm

28
Q

Leukocytes move by

A

Amoeboid motion

29
Q

Granules in their cytoplasm can be stained that possess lobed nuclei. Includes neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils

A

Granulocytes

30
Q

Most numerous WBC, function as phagocytes at active sites of infection, and is stained pink

A

Neutrophils

31
Q

Normal count of neutrophils

A

3,000 to 7,000 per cubic mm

32
Q

Brick-red cytoplasmic granules that contains antihistamine to kill parasitic worms and play a role in allergy attacks

A

Eosinophils

33
Q

Normal count of eosinophils

A

100-400 per cubic mm

34
Q

Large histamine-containing granules that stain dark blue. Contains heparin (anticoagulant) - prevents the clotting mechanism from occurring

A

Basophils

35
Q

Normal count of basophils

A

20-50 per cubic mm

36
Q

Lack visible cytoplasmic granules with nuclei that are spherical, oval or kidney-shaped. Include lymphocytes and monocytes

A

Agranulocytes

37
Q

has large dark purple nucleus and are slightly larger than RBCs. they reside in lymphatic tissues and play a role in immune response

A

Lymphocytes

38
Q

Normal count of lymphocytes

A

1,500-3,000 per cubic mm

39
Q

Largest of the white blood cells with a distinctive U or kidney shaped nucleus. They function as macrophages when they migrate into tissues, important in fighting chronic infection.

A

Monocytes

40
Q

Normal count of monocytes

A

100-700 per cubic mm

41
Q

Condition where WBC count above 11,000 cells per cubic mm of blood. Generally indicates an infection

A

Leukocytosis

42
Q

Abnormally low WBC count. Commonly caused by certain drugs, such as corticosteroids ands anticancer agents

A

Leukopenia

43
Q

Bone marrow becomes cancerous and numerous immature WBC are produced

A

Leukemia

44
Q

Aka platelets, they are fragments of megakaryocytes (multinucleate cells) that are needed for the clotting process

A

Thrombocytes

45
Q

Normal count of platelets

A

300,000 per cubic mm

46
Q

Process of blood cell formation that occurs in red bone marrow

A

Hematopoiesis

47
Q

Tissue in the bone marrow where blood cells are formed

A

Myeloid tissue

48
Q

All blood cells are derived from a common stem cell called the

A

Hemocytoblast

49
Q

produces lymphocytes

A

Lymphoid stem cells

50
Q

produces all other formed elements other than lymphocytes

A

Myeloid stem cells

51
Q

RBCs wear out after how many days?

A

100- 200 days

52
Q

Worn out RBCs are eliminated by

A

Phagocytes

53
Q

stimulates red bone marrow

A

Erythropoietin

54
Q

Process of stopping the bleeding that results from a break in a blood vessel

A

Hemostasis

55
Q

True or false. Blood usually clots within 8-10 minutes

A

False. Blood usually clots within 3-6 minutes

56
Q

the enzyme that catalyzes joining of fibrinogen molecules in plasma to fibrin

A

Thrombin

57
Q

forms a mesh that traps red blood cells and platelets, forming the clot

A

Fibrin

58
Q

A clot in an unbroken blood vessel. Can be deadly in areas such as the lungs

A

Thrombus

59
Q

A thrombus that breaks away and floats freely in the bloodstream that can later clog vessels in critical areas such as the brain

A

Embolus

60
Q

Insufficient number of circulating platelets. Arises from any condition that suppresses the bone marrow

A

Thrombocytopenia

61
Q

Hereditary bleeding disorder where normal clotting factors are missing. Minor tissue damage can cause life-threatening prolonged bleeding

A

Hemophilia

(Q3) BE - ANA 102 (5 decks)

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