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histology let > Blood > Flashcards

Blood Flashcards

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1
Q

specialized connective tissue consisting og cells and fluid extracellular material called plasma

A

blood

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2
Q

percent of an adult’s weight

A

10%

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3
Q

what are the three formed elements

A

erythrocytes, leukocytes, and platelets

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4
Q

life span of platelets

A

8-12

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5
Q

what is the origin of platelets?

A

megakaryocytes

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6
Q

large bone marrow cell with lobulated nucleus; responsible for the production of thrombocytes needed for normal blood clotting

A

plasma

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7
Q

color of blood if saturated with oxygen

A

bright red

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8
Q

color of blood if deoxygenated

A

dark red or purple

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9
Q

temperature of blood

A

38˚c

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10
Q

pH of blood

A

7.35-7.45

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11
Q

functions of blood

A

transport nutrients, regulate body temperature, coagulation, osmotic and acid-base balance

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12
Q

percent of plasma in buffy coat

A

55%

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13
Q

normal value of platelets

A

150,000-400,000

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14
Q

percent of buffy coat: platelets and leukocytes

A

less than 1%

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15
Q

percent of erythrocytes in buffy coat

A

45%

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16
Q

normal erythrocyte count

A

3.5-5.5 million per millimeter cube

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17
Q

what are the major plasma proteins?

A

albumins, globulins, fibrinogen, and complement proteins

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18
Q

major and most abundant blood plasma protein, smallest in size

A

albumin

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19
Q

role of albumin

A

exert colloidal osmotic pressure within the circulatory system

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20
Q

albumin is a carrier protein of what hormones?

A

thyroxine

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21
Q

function specifically for defense; largest fraction of globulins

A

immunoglobulins

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22
Q

what secretes immunoglobulins?

A

plasma cells

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23
Q

what secretes immunoglobulins?

A

plasma cells

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24
Q

contains colloidal osmotic pressure and is secreted by liver

A

non-immunoglobulins

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25
what serves as a carrier for copper, iron, and globin?
alpha globulin and beta globulin
26
largest plasma protein and least abundant
fibrinogen
27
function of fibrinogen
clotting formation
28
comprise a defensive system important in inflammation and destruction of different microorganisms
complement proteins
29
the tetrameric, oxygen-carrying protein that accounts for the cell's uniform acidophilia
hemoglobin
30
what removes worn out RBC from the circulation
marcophages of the pleen, liver, and bone marrow
31
structure of RBC
biconcave disk, enucleated
32
female rbc count
3.9-5.5
33
male rbc count
4.1 - 6
34
function of erythrocytes
transport gases through hemoglobin attachment
35
life span of RBC
120
36
What are the proteins that maintain the shape of the cells?
Band 3 protein, glycophorin A, spectrin, ankyrin
37
normal count of leukocytes
6,000-10,000
38
two groups of leukocytes
granulocytes and agranulocytes
39
what are the three granulocytes?
neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils
40
differential count of neutrophils
60-70%
41
the azurophilic primary granules of neutrophils are?
myeloperoxidase, lysozyme, and defensins
42
generates hypochlorite and other agents toxic to bacteria
myeloperoxidase
43
degrades components of bacterial cell walls
lysozyme
44
small cysteine-rich proteins that bind and disrupt the cell membranes of many types of microorganism
defensins
45
differential count of eosinophils
2-4%
46
differential count of basophils?
0.5%
47
modulates immune respone
basophil
48
what are the agranulocytes?
lymphocytes and monocytes
49
differential count of lymphocytes
28%
50
functions for t-cell mediated and b humoral immunity
lymphocytes
51
differential count of monocyte
5%
52
precursor cells of macrophages with kidney-shaped nuclei
monocytes
53
bilobed
eosinophil
54
s-j shaped nucleus
basophils
55
round-shaped nucleus
lymphocytes
56
basis of classification of anemia; measures the volume of RBC
Mean Corpuscular Volume
57
normal MCV count is between 80-100
normocytic
58
What are the non-hemolytic normocytic
iron-deficiency anemia, anemia of chronic disease, aplastic anemia, chronic kidney disease
59
what are the hemolytic normocytic
G6PD and sickle cell anemia
60
less than 80 femtoliter
microcytic
61
what are under microcytic?
thalassemia, anemia of chronic disease, IDA
62
late stage of IDA
lead poisoning and sideroblastic anemia
63
100 femtoliter
macrocytic
64
what is under macrocytic?
fanconi anemia, folate deficiency, vitamin b12 deficiency
65
regulates activities and cytokine secretion of many leukocytes and other cells
interleukin-1
66
motpgen for activated T and B cells; promotes differentiation of NK cells
interleukin-2
67
mitogen for all granulocyte and megakaryocyte progenitor cells
interleukin-3
68
promotes development of basophils and mast cells and b-lumphocyte activation
interleukin-4
69
promotes development and activation of eosinophils
interleukin-5
70
mitogen for many leukocytes; promotes activation of b cells and regulatory t cells
interleukin-6
71
major mitogen for all lymphoid stem cells
interleukin-7
72
mitogen for megakaryoblasts and their progenitor cells
thrombopoietin
73
mitogen for all eythroid progenitor and precursor cells
erythropoietin
74
mitogen for all hemopoietic progenitor cells
stem cell factor

histology let (9 decks)

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