Blood And Organs Flashcards
(31 cards)
What are the four main components of blood ?
Plasma
Platelets
Red blood cells
White blood cells
What are the adaptions of red blood cells ? And what for?
Small and have a biconcave shape to give them a large surface area - for absorbing and releasing oxygen.
They contain haemoglobin - carries the oxygen.
What is a pathogen?
They are microorganism pas that cause disease.
What are the two different types of white blood cells ?
Phagocytes
Lymphocytes
What do phagocytes do?
Phagocytes detect things that are foreign to the body such as pathogens, they then engulf the pathogen and digest them.
Vaccination involves injecting …. Or …….. Pathogens into the body. These carry …….., so even though they are harmless they still trigger an …… ……… - your lymphocytes produce ………. To attack them.
Dead Inactive Antigens Immune response Antibodies
Function of the arteries ?
These carry the blood away from the heart.
What is the function of the capillaries?
These are involved in the exchange of materials at the tissues.
What is the function of veins?
These carry the blood to the heart.
Adaptions of the artery ?
Walls are strong and elastic.
Wall as are thick and small lumen.
Contain thick layers of muscle.
What is the largest artery in the body called?
Aorta.
What is the largest vein the the body called?
Vena cava.
Label the right side of the heart from the top down?
Pulmonary artery Vena cava Right atrium Semi-lunar valve Tricuspid valve Right ventricle
Label the left side of the heart from the top down?
Aorta Pulmonary vein Left atrium Semi lunar valve Bicuspid valve Left ventricle
When you …….. Your muscles need more ……, so you ……. More. You need to get more …… Into the cells and remove more …… ……
Exercise
Energy
Respire
Oxygen
Carbon dioxide
Where is urea produced ?
The liver.
The kidneys are part of the urinary system. What are the kidneys three main roles?
Removal of urea.
Control of salt levels.
Control of water content.
Do the kidneys filter stuff out at high pressure or low pressure?
High pressure.
The end product of the kidneys filtering is?
Urine.
What does the kidney have thousands of that do ultrafiltration, reabsorption and releasing of waste products?
Nephrons.
Name some labels of the nephron?
Glomerulus Bowmans capsule Loop of Henlé Proximal convoluted tubule PCT Distal convoluted tubule DCT Collecting duct
Water is taken into the body by food and drink and is lost in which three ways?
Sweating, breathing and weeing.
The body has to constantly balance the water coming in and out your body. What is this process called ?
Osmoregulation.
Define osmoregulation?
The balance of water coming in and out your body.
