Blood, lymphatic, and immune systems Flashcards by Jaime Pagano

Substances that, when entering the body, prompts the generation of antibodies, causing an immune response

Antigen

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Type of immune response by the body against its own cells or tissues

Autoimmune

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Microscopic blood vessels that connect the ends of the smallest arteries (arterioles) with the smallest veins (venules) of the circulatory system

Capillaries

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Production and development of blood cells, normally in the bone marrow

Hematopoiesis

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Defense function of the body that protects it against invading pathogens, foreign tissues, and malignancies

Immune response

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Decreased or compromised ability to fight disease or a condition resulting from a defective immune mechanism

immunodeficiency

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Fluid between cells and in tissue spaces

interstitial fluid

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Type of white blood cell (WBC) found in the lymph nodes, spleen, bloodstream, and lymph that functions in the body’s immune system by recognizing and deactivating foreign substances (antigens)

lymphocyte

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Large WBCs formed in the bone marrow that circulate in the bloodstream and destroy pathogenic bacteria through phagocytosis

monocytes

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Branch of medicine concerned with the study of cancerous growths (malignancies)

oncology

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Any microorganism capable of producing disease

pathogens

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Collection of blood or a blood component from a donor followed by its infusion into a recipient

transfusion

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

The study of the blood and blood-forming tissues and the diseases associated with these tissues

Hematology

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Physicians who specialize in the study and treatment of blood and blood disorders

Hematologist

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

The study of the body’s protection from invading organisms and its responses to them

Immunology

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

A medical specialist who studies and treats the body’s defense mechanism against invasion of foreign substances that cause disease

Immunologist

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

The two main components of blood are _________ and ____________, such as erythrocytes (red blood cells), leukocytes (white blood cells), and platelets (clotting cells)

plasma/formed elements

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

The four main blood types

A, B, AB, and O

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

A person with type “___” blood is a universal donor

Type O

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

A person with type “____” blood is a universal recipient because it has no antibodies against the other blood types

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

When antigens are present on RBCs, the blood type is further classified as _________

Rh+

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

When these antigens are not present, the blood type is classified as _______

Rh-

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Consists of lymph, lymph vessels, lymph nodes, and three organs: the tonsils, thymus, and spleen

Lymphatic system

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Thin-walled vessels that absorb most interstitial fluid from the interstitial spaces

Lymph capillaries

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Lymphatic tissue

Lymph nodes

agglutin/o

clumping, gluing

embol/o

embolus (plug)

erythr/o

red

hem/o; hemat/o

blood

leuk/o

white

myel/o

bone marrow; spinal cord

thromb/o

blood clot

ven/o

vein

aden/o

gland

immun/o

immune, immunity, safe

lymph/o

lymph

lymphaden/o

lymph gland (node)

lymphangi/o

lymph vessel

phag/o

swallowing, eating

splen/o

spleen

thym/o

thymus gland

-emia

blood condition

-phage

swallowing, eating

-phylaxis

protection

-poiesis

formation; production

-stasis

standing still

macro-

large

micro-

small

mono-

one

Blood disorder characterized by a deficiency of red blood cell production and hemoglobin, increased red blood cell destruction, or blood loss

anemia

Failure of bone marrow to produce stem cells because it has beed damaged by disease, cancer, radiation, or chemotherapy drugs; rare but serious from of anemia

aplastic

Deficiency of erythrocytes resulting from inability to absorb vitamin B12 into the body, which plays a vital role in hematopoiesis

pernicious

Group of hereditary anemias caused by an inability to produce hemoglobin; usually seen in people of Mediterranean origin

thalassemia

Group of hereditary bleeding disorders characterized by a deficiency of one of the factors necessary for coagulation of blood

hemophilia

Malignant disease of bone marrow characterized by excessive production of leukocytes

leukemia

Transmissible infection caused by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and associated with suppression of the immune system; characterized by increasing susceptibility to infections, malignancies, and neurological diseases

acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS)

Malignant disease originating in the lymphocytes (part of the body's immune system) that occurs most often in young adults and characterized by the presence of unique Reed-Sternberg cells (malignant cells) in the lymph nodes; also called Hodgkin disease

Hodgkin lymphoma

Any of a group of diseases caused by a defect in the immune system and generally characterized by susceptibility to infections and chronic diseases

immunodeficiency disease

Malignancy of connective tissue, including bone, fat, muscle, and fibrous tissue, that is commonly fatal (because the tumors readily metastasize to various organs) and closely associated with AIDS

Kaposi sarcoma

Inflammation and enlargement of the lymph nodes, usually as a result of infection

lymphadenitis

Debilitating condition of localized fluid retention and tissue swelling, caused by a blockage in the lymphatic system that prevents lymph fluid in the upper limbs from draining adequately

lymphedema

Acute infection caused by Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and characterized by a sore throat, fever, fatigue, and enlarged lymph nodes

mononucleosis

Malignant disease fo bone marrow plasma cells (antibody-producing B lymphocytes)

multiple myeloma

A group of more than 20 different types of lymphomas (except Hodgkins lymphoma) that occur in older adults but are not characterized by Reed-Sternberg cells (malignant cells)

non-Hodgkin lymphoma

Any infection that results from a defective immune system that cannot defend against pathogens normally found in the environment

opportunistic infection

Sudden loss of neurological function, caused by vascular injury (loss of blood flow) to an area of the brain; also known as CV A

stroke

Removal of a small amount of tissue (bone marrow biopsy) to diagnose blood disorders (e.g., anemias), cancers, or infections diseases of to gather cells for later infusion into a patient (bone marrow transplantation)

bone marrow aspiration

Series of blood tests to determine general heath status as well as screening for infection, anemias, and other diseases

complete blood count (CBC)

Test to screen blood for presence of HIV antibodies or for other disease causing substances

ELISA

Radiographic examination of lymph glands and lymphatic vessels after an injection of a contrast medium to view the path of lymph flow as it moves into the chest region

Lymphangiography

Technique used to determine the histocompatibility of tissues; used in grafts and transplants with the recipient's tissues and cells; also known as histocompatibility testing

Tissue typing

Test to detect presence of viral DNA in the blood and used to confirm the diagnosis of AIDS as well as detecting other viruses

Western blot

Administration of whole blood or a component, such as packed red cells, to replace blood lost through trauma, surgery, or disease

blood transfusion

Diseased bone marrow is destroyed by irradiation and chemotherapy and replaced from a healthy donor to stimulate production of normal blood cells; used to treat aplastic anemia, leukemia, and certain cancers

bone marrow transplant

Removal of a lymph vessel

lymphangiectomy

Prevent or delay blood coagulation

anticoagulants

Vaccination or injection of immune globulins to induce immunity to a particular infectious disease

immunizations

Suppress the immune response to prevent organ rejection after transplantation or slow the progression of autoimmune disease

immunosuppressants

Dissolve a blood clot

thrombolytics

Introduction of altered antigens (viruses or bacteria) into the body to produce an immune response and protect against disease

vaccinations

A hereditary form of anemia in which there is a deficiency of healthy RBCs to carry adequate oxygen throughout the body.

Sickle Cell Anemia

Sickle cell of anemia is highest among _______ Americans and people of ____________ ancestry

African/Mediterranean

An autoimmune disease characterized by unusual antibodies in the blood that inflame and damage connective tissues anywhere in the body; also called lupus

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)

Blood, lymphatic, and immune systems Flashcards

(83 cards)