Blood Supply

Question 1

CNS utilizes how much of the CO

-% and mL

Answer 1

17%

850 mL

Question 2

CNS burns approximately _____ mL O2

Answer 2

3.3

Question 3

changes in blood circulation occur as…

Answer 3

CVAs; strokes

Question 4

major arterial supply to the brain is derived from…

Answer 4

two internal carotids

vertebral-basilar system

Question 5

where do the internal carotids and vertebral-basilar system anastomose?

Answer 5

around the base of the brain as the Anastomotic Circle of Willis

Question 6

vessels involved in the Anastomotic Circle of Willis

Answer 6

anterior cerebral arteries
anterior communicating artery
internal carotid arteries
posterior communicating arteries
posterior cerebral arteries

Question 7

arteries in the internal carotid system

Answer 7

anterior choroidal artery
posterior communicating artery
middle cerebral artery
anterior cerebral artery
striatal (ganglionic or central) arteries

Question 8

anterior choroidal artery

-associated with…

Answer 8

choroid plexus

temporal lobe

Question 9

posterior communicating artery

-_____ for _____

Answer 9

posterolateral ganglionic arteries for thalamus and basal ganglia

Question 10

middle cerebral artery

-function

Answer 10

blood supply to the lateral surface of the cerebral hemispheres

Question 11

anterior cerebral artery

-function

Answer 11

blood supply to the medial surface of the cerebral hemispheres, rostral to the parieto-occipital sulcus

Question 12

striatal arteries

-function

Answer 12

penetrating arteries that supply the subcortical structures; basal ganglia, diencephalon, subcortical white matter

Question 13

arteries of the vertebral-basilar system

Answer 13

vertebral artery
anterior spinal artery
posterior spinal artery
posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA)
basilar artery
anterior inferior cerebellar artery (AICA)
superior cerebellar artery
posterior cerebral artery

Question 14

vertebral artery

-function

Answer 14

anterolateral medulla

Question 15

anterior spinal artery

-function

Answer 15

blood supply to anteromedial medulla and anterior spinal cord

Question 16

posterior spinal artery

-function

Answer 16

blood supply to posterior and caudal medulla, posterior spinal cord

Question 17

posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA)

-function

Answer 17

blood supply to cerebellum and lateral part of medulla

Question 18

basilar artery

-function

Answer 18

supplies pons, cerebral peduncles

Question 19

anterior inferior cerebellar artery (AICA)

-function

Answer 19

supplies pontine tegmentum and cerebellum

Question 20

superior cerebellar artery

-function

Answer 20

dorsal midbrain, cerebellar cortex, and deep nuclei

Question 21

posterior cerebral artery

-function

Answer 21

blood supply to midbrain, ventral and medial parts of the cerebral hemispheres

Question 22

important veins

Answer 22

Great vein of Galen
cerebral veins
Dural veins

Question 23

Great vein of Galen

• empties into…
• what does it drain

Answer 23

empties into straight sinus

drains subcortical structures

Question 24

dural veins

-bridge from _____ to _____

Answer 24

cortex to dural sinuses

Question 25

the caudal medulla receives vascularization from...

Answer 25

posterior spinal artery anterior spinal artery PICA vertebral artery

Question 26

in the caudal medulla, what does the posterior spinal artery supply

Answer 26

nucleus gracilis fasciculus gracilis nucleus cuneatus fasciculus cuneatus

Question 27

in the caudal medulla, what does the anterior spinal artery supply

Answer 27

internal arcuate fibers olivary nucleus pyramids medial lemniscus

Question 28

in the caudal medulla, what does the PICA supply

Answer 28

spinal nucleus of V spinal tract of V dorsal spinocerebellar tract

Question 29

in the caudal medulla, what does the vertebral artery supply

Answer 29

ventral spinocerebellar tract | spinothalamic tract

Question 30

the rostral medulla receives vascularization from...

Answer 30

posterior cerebral artery anterior spinal artery PICA vertebral artery

Question 31

in the rostral medulla, what does the posterior cerebral artery supply

Answer 31

``` dentate nucleus interposed nucleus -4E - emboliform -4G - globose fastigal nucleus ```

Question 32

in the rostral medulla, what does the anterior spinal artery supply

Answer 32

MLF pyramids medial lemniscus

Question 33

in the rostral medulla, what does the PICA supply

Answer 33

``` dorsal motor nucleus of X medial vestibular nucleus spinal vestibular nucleus dorsal cochlear nucleus ventral cochlear nucleus inferior cerebellar peduncle solitary tract solitary nucleus spinal nucleus of V spinal tract of V ```

Question 34

in the rostral medulla, what does the vertebral artery supply

Answer 34

``` hypoglossal nucleus inferior olivary complex olivocerebellar fibers fascicles of hypoglossal nerve central tegmental tract spinothalamic tract ```

Question 35

the caudal pons is vascularized by...

Answer 35

AICA long circumferential branch of basilar artery paramedian branch of basilar artery short circumferential branch of basilar artery

Question 36

in the caudal pons, what does the AICA supply

Answer 36

superior cerebellar peduncle inferior cerebellar peduncle middle cerebellar peduncle

Question 37

in the caudal pons, what does the long circumferential branche of the basilar artery supply

Answer 37

``` facial colliculus MLF geniculum (genu) of facial nerve fibers abducens nucleus fascicles of facial nerve lateral vestibular nucleus spinal trigeminal nucleus spinal trigeminal tract facial motor nucleus superior olivary nucleus central tegmental tract spinothalamic tract medial lemniscus transverse pontine fibers ```

Question 38

in the caudal pons, what does the paramedian branch of the basilar artery supply

Answer 38

fasciciles of abducens nerve trapezoid body corticospinal and corticobulbar tracts

Question 39

in the caudal pons, what does the short circumferential branch of the basilar artery supply

Answer 39

pontine nuclei

Question 40

the middle pons is vascularized by...

Answer 40

long circumferential branch of basilar artery short circumferential branch of basilar artery paramedian basilar artery

Question 41

in the middle pons, what does the long circumferential branch of the basilar artery supply

Answer 41

``` superior vestibular nucleus mesencephalic tract and nucleus of the trigeminal nerve main sensory nucleus of trigeminal nerve trigeminal motor nucleus fascicles of trigeminal nerve MFL medial lemniscus spiral - lateral lemniscus central tegmental tract ```

Question 42

in the middle pons, what does the short circumferential branch of the basilar artery supply

Answer 42

pontine nuclei

Question 43

in the middle pons, what does the paraemdian basilar artery supply

Answer 43

trapezoid body

Question 44

the inferior colliculus of the midbrain is vascularized by...

Answer 44

long circumflex posterior cerebral artery short circumflex posterior cerebral artery basilar bifurcation and posterior cerebral artery

Question 45

in the inferior colliculus, what does the long circumflex posterior cerebral artery supply

Answer 45

``` inferior colliculus nucleus of inferior colliculus lateral lemniscus periaqueductal gray brachium of inferior colliculus ```

Question 46

in the inferior colliculus, what does the short circumflex posterior cerebral artery supply

Answer 46

CTT medial lemniscus spiral lemniscus (thalamic tract)

Question 47

in the inferior colliculus, what do the basilar bifurcation and posterior cerebral arteries supply

Answer 47

``` MLF trochlear nucleus decussation of superior cerebellar peduncles substantia nigra cerebral peduncle ```

Question 48

the superior colliculus of the midbrain is vascularized by...

Answer 48

long circumflex branch of posterior cerebral artery short circumflex branch of posterior cerebral artery paramedial branch of basilar artery

Question 49

in the superior colliculus, what does the long circumflex branch of the posterior cerebral artery supply

Answer 49

superior colliculus commissure of SC pulvinar

Question 50

in the superior colliculus, what does the paramedian branch of the basilar artery supply

Answer 50

``` oculomotor complex MLF red nucleus substantia nigra dentatorubrothalamic tract cerebral peduncle central tegmental tract ```

Question 51

in the superior colliculus, what does the short circumflex branch of the posterior cerebral artery supply

Answer 51

``` periaqueductal grey cerebral aqueduct brachium of inferior colliculus medial geniculate nucleus lateral geniculate nucleus optic tract medial lemniscus spiral lemniscus ```