Blood: Vocabulary

Question 1

colony-stimulating factors (CSFs)

Answer 1

Protein that promotes the growth of granulocytes in bone marrow

Question 2

basophil

Answer 2

granulocyte that stains blue and releases heparin and histamine

Question 3

eosinophils

Answer 3

granulocyte that stains red that increase in allergic responses

Question 4

neutrophils

Answer 4

polymorphonuclear leukocytes that stain a pale color and are phagocytes that accumulate at infection sites

Question 5

albumin

Answer 5

protein in blood that maintains the proper amount of water in the blood

Question 6

antibody (Ab)

Answer 6

specific protein called immunoglobulin produced by lymphocytes in response to bacteria, viruses or antigens to inactivate it.

Question 7

bilirubin

Answer 7

orange-yellow pigment in bile that is formed by the breakdown of hemoglobin when red blood cells are destroyed

Question 8

coagulation

Answer 8

blood clotting

Question 9

differentiation

Answer 9

change in structure and function of a cell as it matures

Question 10

electrophoresis

Answer 10

method of separating serum proteins by electrical charge

Question 11

erythroblast

Answer 11

immature red blood cell

Question 12

erythropoietin (EP0)

Answer 12

hormone secreted by the kidneys that stimulate red blood cell formation

Question 13

fibrin

Answer 13

protein that forms the basis of a blood clot

Question 14

fibrinogen

Answer 14

plasma protein that is converted to fibrin in the clotting process

Question 15

globulin

Answer 15

plasma protein that are categorized as alpha, beta, and gamma

Question 16

granulocyte

Answer 16

white blood cell with numerous staining granules

Question 17

hematopoietic stem cell

Answer 17

cell in the bone marrow that are the basis for all blood cells

Question 18

hemoglobin

Answer 18

blood protein that contains iron and carries oxygen in red blood cells

Question 19

heparin

Answer 19

anticoagulant found in blood and tissue cells

Question 20

immune reaction

Answer 20

response of the immune system to foreign substances

Question 21

immunoglobulin

Answer 21

protein that acts as an atibody

Question 22

lymphocyte

Answer 22

mononuclear leukocyte that produces antibodies

Question 23

macrophage

Answer 23

monocyte that migrates from the blood to tissue spaces to engulf foreign material or destroy worn out red blood cells

Question 24

megakaryocyte

Answer 24

large platelet precursor cell found in bone marrow

Question 25

monocyte

Answer 25

leukocyte with one large nucleus that become macrophages when they leave the blood and enter body tissue

Question 26

mononuclear

Answer 26

pertaining to a cell with a single round nucleus

Question 27

myeloblast

Answer 27

immature bone marrow that result in granulocytes

Question 28

plasma

Answer 28

liquid portion of blood that contains water, proteins, salts, nutrients, lipids, hormones, and vitamins

Question 29

plasmapheresis

Answer 29

removal of plasma from withdrawn blood by centrifuge

Question 30

platelet

Answer 30

small blood fragments that start the clotting process

Question 31

polymorphonuclear

Answer 31

pertaining to a white blood cell with a multilobed nucleus

Question 32

prothrombin

Answer 32

plasma protein that is converted to thrombin in the clotting process

Question 33

reticulocyte

Answer 33

immature erythrocyte

Question 34

Rh factor

Answer 34

antigen on red blood cells of Rh-positive people

Question 35

serum

Answer 35

plasma without clotting proteins and cells

Question 36

stem cell

Answer 36

unspecialized cell that can become any mature, specialized form

Question 37

thrombin

Answer 37

enzyme that converts fibrinogen to fibrin during coagulation

Question 38

hemochromatosis

Answer 38

excess iron deposits in the body

Question 39

polycythemia vera

Answer 39

general increase in red blood cells; erythremia

Question 40

anemia

Answer 40

deficiency in erythrocytes or hemoglobin