Body Fluid Compartments Flashcards

(31 cards)

1
Q

What is needed to calculate the osmolarity

A

Molar conc and num of osmotic active particle

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2
Q

What is osmolality

A

Has units of osmoles/kg of water

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3
Q

What is tonicity

A

Related to its effect on cell volume

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4
Q

What is isotonic

A

Same cell would have no change in cell vol

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5
Q

Hypotonic

A

More

Solution causes an increase in cell vol as water enters the cell could lead to burst or lysis of cell

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6
Q

Hypertonic

A

Less

Solution causes a decrease in cell volume as water leaves the cell

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7
Q

Why does the total body water differ in make and females

A

Woman have more fatty tissue threef ore less lean tissue and less water

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8
Q

What are the two water compartments of the total body water

A

Intracellular - 67%

Extra cellular -33%

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9
Q

What does extracellular fluid includes

A

Plasma - 20%

Interstitial fluid -80%,

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10
Q

What is used to determine the volume of specific fluid compartments

A
Tracers 
Used in:
Tbw --> titrated water 
Ecf --> inulin 
Plasma --> labelelled albumin
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11
Q

How is the volume of water calc in container

A

V(litres) = dose/sample concentration

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12
Q

What is insensible loss.

A

Uncontrollable occurs without realisation
Skin
Lungs

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13
Q

What is sensible loss

A

Can realise is loss
Sweat
Urine
Faeces

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14
Q

What is the ionic composition of sodium in the ICF -

And ECF

A

ICF - 10mM

ECF - 140mM

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15
Q

What is the ionic composition of pottasium in the ICF -

And ECF

A

ICF - 140mM

ECF - 4.5mM

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16
Q

What is the ionic composition of chooride in the ICF -

And ECF

A

ICF - 7mM

ECF - 115mM

17
Q

What is the ionic composition of bicarbonate in the ICF -

And ECF

A

ICF - 10mM

ECF - 28mM

18
Q

What are the separating membranes between the plasma, interstitial fluid, intracellular fluid

A

Between plasma and interstitial fluid –> capillary wall

Between interstitial fluid and intracellular fluid –> plasma mem

19
Q

What is a fluid shift

A

Movement of water between ICF and ECF in repsonse to an osmotic gradient

20
Q

What does the gain or loss of water do to fluid homeostasis

A

Change in fluid osmolarity similar changes in ICF and ECF volumes

21
Q

What dos gain or loss of Nacl do to the fluid homeostasis

A

Change in osmolarity
(a) sodium excluded from ICF
(b) osmotic water movements
These two factors combine to produce opposite changes in ICF and ECF

22
Q

What does gain or loss of isotonic fluid do to the fluid homeostasis

A

No change in fluid osmolarity change in ECF volume only

23
Q

What does the kidneys do to the ECF

A

Alter composition and volume which affects blood pressure

24
Q

What do electrolytes do in solution

A

Dissociate into free ions in solution.

25
Why is it port any to maintain electrolyte balance
Total electrolyte concs can directly affect water balance | The concs of individual electrolytes can affect cell functions
26
Why are sodium and pottasium particularly important
Major contributors to osmotic concentrations of ECF and ICF | Directly affect functioning of all cells
27
What is the balance of sodium in the ECF represent a balance between what two factors
Input of sodium form diet and output excreted in urine
28
Sodium is present where which means what
Mainly present in ECF meaning it is a major determinant of ECF volume
29
Why is minor fluctuations of pottasium bad for the cell
Pottasium is imp to establish resting membrane potential in cells and resting membrane potential
30
If there are leakages of pottasium or increased cellular uptake what does this lead to
Weakness of muscles - paralysis | Cardiac irregularities - cardiac arrest
31
What is osmolarity
Concentration of osmotically active particles present in solution