Body Fluids

Question 1

What are some functions of CSF?

Answer 1

Physical support/protection
control environment/remove waste
transport

Question 2

T/F CSF usually is done with a lumbar puncture around L3/L4

Answer 2

true, it is usually clear and colorless

Question 3

What is the order of tubes?

Answer 3

1 chem
2 micro
3 heme
4 extra

Question 4

Describe xanthochromia

Answer 4

yellow color due to an older bleed

Question 5

How do you distingush between a traumatic tap and hemorrhage

Answer 5

amount of blood
clot presense
centrifuge

Question 6

What are some biochemical markers

Answer 6

glucose, protein, lactate, glutamine
(centrifuge samples)

Question 7

Describe Glucose in CSF
what type of transport
how many hours prior

Answer 7

facillitate transport downhill
2-4 hrs prior
increased is not clinically significant >600

Question 8

Descrease glucose causes what disorders

Answer 8

disorders in metabolism carriers
ex. bacteria/tumors

Question 9

T/F: Consumption of glucose decreases lactate and anerobic glycolysis

Answer 9

false, increases lactate and anaerobic glycolysis

Question 10

Protein in CSF
whatkind of infiltrate

Decrease of Protein is caused by ___

Increased protein caused by ___

Answer 10

selective ultra infiltrate + serum analysis

Dec of prt: dialysis
protein loss
leakage

Incr Prt: lysis of contam blood
permeability
obstruction

Question 11

T/F: Leakage ID of CSF is used with B- transferrin and CSF and more preAlB than serum

Answer 11

true

Question 12

T/F: the blood brain barrier is less permeable from bacteria and is diagnostic of infections w meningitis

Answer 12

false, it is more permeable with bacteria and not diagnostic of meningitis

Question 13

Can ALB cross the BBB?
IgG?

What is the value for intact BBB

Answer 13

Yes, it can cross the bbb,
IgG can not

intact BBB is <9

Question 14

What is the IgG index used for? what is its range?

Answer 14

Index used for diagnosis of demyelinating diseases like MS
<0.73

Question 15

T/F: CSF electrophoresis is used for suspected MS

Answer 15

true

Question 16

T/F: Increase serum ALB = Icreased CSF levels

Answer 16

true

Question 17

Describe lactate
what kind of metabolism
increased lactate does what/what disease
time critical thing

Answer 17

anaerobic metabolism
increased lactate dec glucose = meningitis
sodium fluoride time critical

Question 18

Describe Glutamine
increaed in what disease

Answer 18

ammonia and glutamate increased in hepatic encephalopathy

Question 19

Describe serous fluid
location
membranes
what type of infiltrate

Answer 19

heart/lungs/abdominal cavitites
2 serous membranes
Parietal = wall
visceral = lines organs
ultrainfiltrate

Question 20

Describe where pleural
pericardia
and peritoneal is

Answer 20

pleural - lungs
pericard - heart
periton - abdominal

Question 21

Describe the formation of serous fluids

Answer 21

continuous hydrostatic pressure/oncotic pressure

Question 22

Describe Effusion

Answer 22

accum of serious fluids (too much)

Question 23

Describe transudate

Answer 23

systemic disorder distrupts fluid filtration

Question 24

Describe exudates

Answer 24

occurs with inflamation and damage to walls

Question 25

Describe pleural fluids locations (paretal/viseral) how much fluid transudates exudates

Answer 25

systemic (paretal) bronchial (viseral) 3-20ml of fluid Transudates: secondary to remote Exudates: primary imm. attention/damage

Question 26

Describe a thoracentesis

Answer 26

removal of pleural fluids pH <7.2 infection 6.0 esophogus rupture

Question 27

T/F Uric acid is high in exudates

Answer 27

false it is low

Question 28

Describe pericardial fluid

Answer 28

similar to lungs effusions around the heart and almost always EXUDATES <50ml of fluid

Question 29

Describe Peritoneal fluid how much is disease excess is called what is the primary

Answer 29

>50ml disease excess fluid = ascities primary is exudates untrasounds

Question 30

In peritoneal fluid, what is the transudate/exudates neuts >250...

Answer 30

transudate - portal hypertension >1.1 exudates: prostates neuts >250 peritonitis

Question 31

Amnoic fluids

Answer 31

surrounds fetus production/clearance transudation across fetal skin

Question 32

T/F: aminocentisis is with ultrasound

Answer 32

true

Question 33

Describe hemolytic disease of the fetus

Answer 33

incompatitble fetal/maternal blood (rH type)

Question 34

Describe neural tube defects

Answer 34

alpha fetal protein Multiple of median

Question 35

Describe Fetal lung maturity

Answer 35

prevents lung collapse steroids given PG/lecthin (L/S RATIO)

Question 36

Describe lamellar body counts:

Answer 36

phospholipids produced by alveolar cells >50,000 good <15,000 bad

Question 37

T/F PG is preformed with C/S ratio

Answer 37

true

Question 38

Describe Sweat greater than what to repeat

Answer 38

cystic fibrosis only test >60 + repeat affected by hydration

Question 39

Describe synovial fluids

Answer 39

moveabel joints mucoprotein hyaluronic acid rarely more than 3ml Add hyaluronidase

Question 40

What is total protein of Synovial fluids fasting

Answer 40

1-3g/dL fasting- 6-8 hrs 10mg lower than serum

Question 41

T/F: uric acid is used to rule out gout

Answer 41

true 6-8mg/dl

Question 42

T/F: Lactice acid is usually <25mg/dL 1000 is septic arthritis

Answer 42

true