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Health and Wellness > Body Temperature, Pulse Rate, and Heart Rate > Flashcards

Body Temperature, Pulse Rate, and Heart Rate Flashcards

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1
Q

Cardinal signs that provide quantitative measures of the status of the cardiovascular and pulmonary system

A

Vital Signs

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2
Q

Indication of degree of heat within the body

A

Body Temperature

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3
Q

A palpable wave of blood is produced in the walls of the arteries with each heartbeat.

A

Pulse

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4
Q

The act of breathing

A

Respiration

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5
Q

It refers to the force the blood exerts against a
vessel wall.

A

Blood Pressure

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6
Q

Subjective perception of noxious stimuli.

A

Pain

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7
Q

Absence of oxygen in the tissues

A

Anoxia

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8
Q

The pulse that is found when a stethoscope is placed on the chest wall over the apex of the heart; also may be found by palpation.

A

Apical Pulse

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9
Q

The absence of breathing

A

Apnea

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10
Q

Variation from the normal rhythm

A

Arrhythmia

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11
Q

Listening for sounds produced within the body by using the unaided ear or a stethoscope.

A

Auscultation

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12
Q

A slow heartbeat (i.e., pulse rate less than 60
beats/min); may be a normal finding in a well-conditioned person or an abnormal finding

A

Bradycardia

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13
Q

The amount of blood that is pumped from the
heart during each contraction.

A

Cardiac Output

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14
Q

Profuse perspiration.

A

Diaphoresis

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15
Q

The period when the least amount of pressure is exerted on the walls or the arteries during the heartbeat; usually indicates the resting phase of the heart.

A

Diastole

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16
Q

Labored or difficult breathing

A

Dyspnea

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17
Q

Sounds are heard during auscultatory determination of blood pressure.

A

Korotkoff’s Sounds

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18
Q

It is believed to be produced by the vibratory motion of the arterial wall as the artery suddenly distends when compressed by a pneumatic blood pressure cuff; the origin of the the sound may be within the blood passing through the vessel or within the wall itself

A

Korotkoff’s Sounds

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19
Q

Indicators of physiologic status and the body’s response to physical activity, environmental conditions and emotional stressors.

A

Vital Signs

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20
Q

Factors affecting vitals signs:

A
  1. Lifestyle pattern
  2. Patient Characteristics
  3. Other Variables
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21
Q

Modifiable (diet, stress, activity, vices, medications) that affects vital signs.

A

Lifestyle Pattern

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22
Q

Non-modifiable (age, gender, family history, hormonal status) that affects vital signs

A

Patient Characteristics

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23
Q

Give other variables that affect vital signs/

A
  1. Pain
  2. Time of the day
  3. General Health Status
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24
Q
  • Represents a balance between heat produced and
    lost
  • Relatively constant
A

Body Temperature

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25
The average temperature of the human body
37 degrees Celcius +_ 1 degrees celsius or 98.6 Fahrenheit +_ 1.8 Farenheit
26
Average Oral Temperature
36 to 37.3 Degrees Celcius
27
Average Rectal Temperature
36.6 to 38.1 Degrees Celcius (0.3 to 0.5 higher)
28
Average Axillary Temperature
36.5 degrees Celcius (0.6 lower)
29
Pyrexic Temperature
38 degrees celcius and higher
30
Hyperpyrexic Temperature
41.1 degrees celcius
31
Equipment in getting temperature
* Clinical glass thermometer or oral electronic thermometer * Chemical thermometer * Ear canal thermometer * Temporal scanner
32
ABNORMALITIES IN BODY TEMPERATURE
1. Pyrexia 2. Hyperpyrexia 3. Pyrogens 4. Signs and Symptoms of Fever
33
elevated body temperature
Pyrexia
34
pyrogens (fever producing substances)
Hyperpyrexia
35
Pyrogens came from _______ that leads to what?
1. Toxic Bacteria 2. Fever
36
Increased pulse, respiratory rate, chills, malaise, chills, sweating, disorientation, confusion, convulsions, coma
Signs and Symptoms of Fever
37
STAGES OF FEVER
1. Prodromal Phase 2. Invasion or onset 3. Stationary 4. Defervescence 5. Crisis 6. Lysis
38
Prior to temperature elevation
Prodromal Phase
38
Gradual or sudden rise until maximum temperature reached
Invasion or onset
39
Point of highest elevation reached and sustained
Stationary ( fastigium or stadium course)
40
Fever subsides
Defervescence (termination or resolution)
41
Sudden drop in temperature
Crisis
42
A gradual drop in temperature ( sweating is initiated )
Lysis
43
Common Types of Fever
1. Continuous 2. Intermittent 3. Relapsing 4. Remittent
44
Also known as constant or sustained. Body temperature is constantly elevated above normal throughout day but does not fluctuate by more than 1.8 degrees Fahrenheit in 24 hours.
Continuous Fever
45
This type of fever is seen in uncomplicated minor infection, UTI, lobar pneumonia, typhoid, infective endocarditis, and thypus.
Continuous Fever
46
The body temperature alternates between periods of fever for some hours of the day with return to normal temperature for the remaining hours.
Intermittent Fever
47
This type of fever is seen in malaria and septicemia.
Intermittent
48
This is also known as recurrent or periodic fever. Periods of fever are interspersed with normal temperature; each last at least one day.
Relapsing Fever
49
This type of fever is seen in non-infectious inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis and Chron's disease.
Relapsing Fever
50
Elevated body temperature throughout the the day fluctuates more than 3.6F (2C) within 24 hours but never returns to normal.
Remittent Fever
51
This type of fever is seen in infective endocarditis and typhoid infection.
Remittent Fever
52
Result of exposure to extreme cold temperature
Hypothermia
53
Prolonged exposure to cold leads to a decrease in metabolic rate and body temperature → heat regulatory and protection mechanism is lost
Hypothermia
54
DEPRESSION OF THERMOREGUALTORY CENTER (brain cooling)
Hypothermia
55
IMPAIRED FUNCTION OF THERMOREGULATORY CENTER of Hypothermia
34.4 degrees celcius
56
NO FUNCTION OF THE THERMOREGULATORY CENTER of Hypothermia
29.4 degrees celcius
57
Symptoms of hypothermia:
* Decreased pulse * Decreased respiratory rate * Cold and pale skin * Cyanosis * Decreased cutaneous sensation * Drowsiness → coma * Depression of mental and muscular responses (5D2C)
58
Low-Pitch Auscultation
Bell
59
High-Pitch Auscultation
Diaphragm
60
5 Areas for Listening to the Heart
1. Aortic 2. Pulmonary 3. Erb's Point 4. Tricuspid 5. Mitral
61
Auscultation and Palpation for Aortic
2(R) ICS and 3 (L) ICS
62
Auscultation and Palpation for Pulmonic
2 (L) ICS and 3 (L) CC
63
Auscultation and Palpation for Mitral
5 L ICS and 4 L CC
64
Auscultation and Palpation for Tricuspid
4 L ICS and 4 R ICS
65
Lub, closure of AV valves
S1
66
Dub, closure of SL Valves
S2
67
Occurs soon after S2
S3
68
Occurs just before S1
S4
69
Abnormally Slow Pulse Rate (less than 60 bpm)
Bradycardia
70
Abnormally fast pulse rate (Greater than 100 bpm)
Tachycardia
71
The sensation of rapid or irregular pulse without actually palpating a pulse
Palpitation
72
* Indirect measure of contraction of the left ventricle of the heart * Rate of heart beat, movement of blood in the body * Can be palpated at various sites: ( Peripheral pulses)
Pulse
73
Pulse Location
1. Temporal 2. Carotid 3. Brachial 4. Radial 5. Femoral 6. Popliteal 7. Dorsal Pedal 8. Posterior Tibial
74
1. Auscultated at apex of the heart ( 3.5 inches left of sternum, 5th ICS ) with stethoscope 2. * Measured in beats per minute (bpm)
Apical Pulse
75
Pattern of pulsation and intervals in between
Pulse Rhythm
76
Normal Rhythm of Pulse
Regular with equal time intervals
77
Irregular Rhythm of Pulse
Arrhythmia or Dysrhythmia (Premature, late, missed)
78
Kind of rhythm that is associated with conduction abnormalities
Irregular Rhythm
79
Factors affecting pulse
1. Exercise 2. Games 3. Age 4. Medications 5. Environmental Temperature 6. Stress/Emotions
80
Indications for Pulse Sites: Infants, inaccessible radial pulse
Temporal Pulse
81
Indications for Pulse Sites: Monitor Cranial Circulation, Shock or Cardiac Arrest
Carotid Pulse
82
Indications for Pulse Sites: Monitor Blood Pressure
Brachial Pulse
83
Indications for Pulse Sites: Most common site
Radial Pulse
84
Indications for Pulse Sites: Monitor lower extremity circulation
Femoral Pulse
85
Indications for Pulse Sites: LE circulation
Popliteal Pulse
86
Indications for Pulse Sites: Monitor circulation to feet. A weak or absent pulse indicates arterial disease.
Pedal Pulse
87
Numerical Scale for Grading Pulse Quality (Strengh)
Grade 0- Absent Grade 1+- Thready Grade 2+- Weak Grade 3+- Normal Grade 4+- Bounding
88
What grade when there is no perceptible pulse even with maximum pressure?
Grade 0
89
What grade, when there is barely perceptible, easily obliterated with slight pressure, fades in and out?
Grade 1+
90
What grade, when it is difficult to palpate; slightly stronger than thread.
Grade 2+
91
What grade, when it is easy to palpate and requires moderate pressure to obliterate?
Grade 3+
92
What grade, when it is a very strong pulse, hyperactive, and is not obliterated with moderate pressure?
Grade 4+

Health and Wellness (13 decks)

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