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Anatomy > Bone, ligaments and jointsj of lower limb > Flashcards

Bone, ligaments and jointsj of lower limb Flashcards

(85 cards)

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1
Q

Four division of lower limb

A
  • gluteal region
  • thigh
  • leg
  • foot
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2
Q

In general, what are the muscles of gluteal region?

A
  • extensors
  • rotators
  • abductors of the hip joint
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3
Q

Part of lower limb where it is between the knee and ankle joint

A

Leg

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4
Q

Part of lower limb where it is posterolateral and between the iliac crest and gluteal fold that defines the lower limit of the buttocks

A

Gluteal region

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5
Q

These muscles control the movement of the pelvis relative to the lower limb bearing the body’s weight (weightbearing or stance limb) while the other limb swings forward (swing limb) during walking.

A

Muscles of gluteal region

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6
Q

Give the bones of the lower limb

A
  • pelvic bones
  • femur
  • patella
  • tibia
  • fibula
  • tarsals
  • metatarsals
  • phalanges
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7
Q

Give the 3 coxal bones

A
  • ilium
  • ishium
  • pubis
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8
Q

Large ball and socket joint between pelvic bon and femur

A

Hip joint

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9
Q

Deep hemispherical socket on lateral pelvic surface

A

Acetabulum

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10
Q

Large flaring bone that forms the superior region of coxal bone

A

Ilium

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11
Q

Give the two surfaces of ilium

A
  • gluteal surface

- auricular surface

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12
Q

Articulates with the head of femur to form the hip joint

A

Acetabulum

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13
Q

Give the major markings of ilium

A
  • tubercle of iliac crest
  • A, P & I gluteal lines
  • A, P & S iliac spine
  • A, P & I Iliac spine
  • iliac creat
  • greater sciatic notch
  • iliac fossa
  • arcuate line
  • pelvic brim
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14
Q

Forms the posterior-inferior part of the hip bone

A

Ischium

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15
Q

Part of ishium that articulates with the ilum

A

Body

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16
Q

Part of ischium that articulates with the pubis

A

Thinner ramus

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17
Q

Give the major marking of ischium

A
  • ishial spine
  • lesser sciatic notch
  • ischial tuberosity
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18
Q

Strongest part of hip bone

A

Ischial tuberosity

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19
Q

Forma the anterior portion of the hip bone

A

Pubis

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20
Q

A fibrocartilage at the midline of two pubic bones

A

Pubic sympphysis

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21
Q

Part of pelvic bone that lies horizontally in anatomical position

A

Pubis

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22
Q

The bone that articulates with ilium and ischium

A

Pubis

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23
Q

Major markings of pubis

A
  • superior and inferior rami
  • pubic crest
  • pubic tubercle
  • pubic arch
  • pubic symphysis
  • obturator foramen
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24
Q

Region of pelvis bounded by alae of the iliac bones

A

False pelvis

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25
Bony pelvis that is inferior to the pelvic brim which defines birth canal
True pelvis
26
Angle of pubic arch in male
50-60
27
Angle of female pubic arch
80-90
28
Male of female: - Coccyx more movable and straighter - sacral promontory curvature accentuated - small and farther apart acetabula - lighter, thinner and smoother bone
Female
29
It is the sole of the thigh
Femure
30
Largest and strongest bone of the body
Femure
31
Give the articulates of femus
- proximally: acetabulum forming the hip joint | - distally: tibia and patella forming the knee joint
32
Major markings of femur proximally
- head - fovea capitis - greater & lesser trochanter - gluteal tuberosity - intertrochanteric line
33
Contribute to the stability of muscle tendons
Hip joint
34
Give the structures that chiefly stabilize the hip
- shape of acetabulum - acetabulum labrum - ligamentum teres
35
Capsular ligaments that stabilize the hip
- ischiofemoral - pubofemoral - iliofemoral
36
What muscle contributes to the flexion and extension at the hip?
- flexion: iliopsoas | - extension: gluteus maximus
37
Level of vertebra that contributes to flexion and extension of hip
Flexion: L2,3,4 Extension: S1
38
Degree of hip joint flexion
0-125
39
Degree of hip joint rotation
0-45
40
Degree of hip joint hyperextensio
0-15
41
Degree of hip joint extension
115-0
42
Degree of hip joint lateral rotation
0-45
43
Degree of hip joint abduction
0-45
44
Degree of hip joint adduction
45-0
45
Level of vertebra that contributes to adduction at the hips
L2,3,4
46
Level of vertebra that contributes to abduction of the hips
L4,5 S1
47
What muscle contributes to the adduction at the hip?
Adductors
48
What muscle contributes to the abduction at the hip?
Gluteus medius and minimus
49
Major marking of femur distally and its shaft
- later and medial conyles, epicondyles and supra condylar notch - line aspera - patellar surface - intercondar notch
50
Largest triangular sesamoid bone
Patella
51
Embedded in the tendon of quadriceps muscle
Patella
52
The bone that is massive, medial part of the leg and receives the weight of the body from femur
Tibia
53
stick-like lateral bone of the leg
Fibula
54
It connects the tibia and fibula
Interosseous membrane
55
Major marking of tibia proximally
- medial and lateral condyles - tibial tuberosity - anterior crest - intercondylar eminence
56
True or False: | Fibular contributes to knee joint
Fibula
57
Largest and most complex joint that primarily acts as a hinge joint allowing flexion and extension movements
Knee joint
58
It is structurally considered compund and bicondyloid
Knee joint
59
Give the single joint cavity that surrounds the knee joint
- patellofemoral | - medial and lateral tibiofemoral
60
Covers the lateral aspect of the knee and covers tibial and femoral condyles
Capsule of the knee joint
61
What covers the capsule of knee joint posteriorly?
Gastrocnemius
62
Ligaments that cover the knee joint anteriorly
- patellar | - medial and lateral retinacular
63
Part of the knee joint that becomes taut and extended
Ligaments of knee joint
64
Give the extracapsular ligaments
- tibial (medial) collateral - fibular (lateral) collateral - oblique popliteal - arcuate popliteal
65
Give the types of knee joint ligament
Extracapsular and intracaspsulat ligaments
66
It enters the capsule of knee joint and attaches ti the lateral condyle of the femur and the lateral meniscus
Tendon of popliteus
67
What is the main function of tibial and fibular collateral ligament
- Medial and lateral stabilization to prevent the knee buckling inward - maintain a firm articulation
68
Muscles that pass through the tibial ligament from top to downward
- sartorius - gracillos - semitendinous
69
A round cord like structure which is separated from the capsule of the knee joint
Fibular ligament
70
Insets into the head of the fibula and it is surrounded by the tendon of biceps femoris muscle
Fibular ligament
71
What is tensed by the tensor faciae latae?
Iliotibial tract
72
An expansion of the tendon of semimembranous ligament which reinforces against torsional stress
Oblique popliteal ligament
73
It arches upward and medially over the popliteous from the head of the fibula
Arcuate popliteal ligament
74
Aka hindfoot
Tarsus
75
Give the distal group in the tarsus
- cuboid - medial - intermediate - lateral cuneiform
76
It is organized in two rows with an intermediate bone between the two rows on the medial side
Tarsus
77
Proximal groups of tarsus which carry body weight
calcaneus and talus
78
Intermediate group of tarsus
Navicular
79
Articulates of talus
Superiorly: tibia and fibula forming the ankle joint Inferiorly: calcaneus forming the subtalar joint
80
Latin word for ankle
Talus
81
The most superior bone of the foot that sits in top of tibia and fibula and supported by the calcaneus
Talus
82
Aka spring ligament
Calcaneonavicular ligament
83
It connects the calcaneus under the head of the talus
Spring ligament
84
Projects behind the ankle joint to form the skeletal framework of the heel
Calcaneus
85
Aka calcaneal tendon
Achilles tendon

Anatomy (11 decks)

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