Olfaction And Taste

Question 1

First symptom when first neurons are damaged

Answer 1

Phantosmia

Question 2

Sudden feeling that you’re smelling something. Related to trauma or prior to seizure.

Answer 2

Uncinate fits

Question 3

No sense of smell

Answer 3

Anosmia

Question 4

Part of limbic system which is associated with memory and emotion

Answer 4

Olfactory bulb

Question 5

Loss of smell acuity, common in normal aging, decreases apetite

Answer 5

Hyposmia

Question 6

Located in the roof of the nasal cavity on the inferior surface of the cribriform plate and along the nasal septum and medial wall of superior turbinate

Answer 6

Nasal mucosa

Question 7

Projections to the dorsomedial nucleus of the thalamus are relayed to the orbitofrontal cortex

Answer 7

Discriminative function of olfaction

Question 8

Area 28

Answer 8

Entorhinal cortex

Question 9

Association cortex for olfaction

Answer 9

Area 28

Question 10

Situated in the anterior part of parahippocampal gyrus

Answer 10

Area 28

Question 11

Primary olfactory cortex

Answer 11

Prepyriform and preamygdaloid

Question 12

Secondary olfactory cortex

Answer 12

Area 28

Question 13

Cell types in bulb and tracts

Answer 13

• mitral
• tufted
• pyramidal
• stellate (granule/golgi II)

Question 14

Caudal expansion of olfactory tract

Answer 14

Olfactory trigone

Question 15

Association cortex for olfaction

Answer 15

Area 28

Question 16

Site of overlap between the limbic and olfactory system

Answer 16

Area 28

Question 17

Becomes continuous with the diagonal band of broca and has connections to amygdaloid nuclear complex

Answer 17

Medial septal nucleus

Question 18

Determines whether odor is pleasant or unpleasant

Answer 18

Limbic system

Question 19

Three pathways of olfaction

Answer 19

• via medial forebrain bundle (most primitive)
• via stria medullaris
• via limbic system

Question 20

Contains receptor for smell

Answer 20

Olfactory mucosa

Question 21

Have fibers from anterior olfactory nucleus and cross in the anterior commissure

Answer 21

Medial striae

Question 22

The second order neuron of bulb and tract

Answer 22

Stellate and tufted

Question 23

Largest cell of bulb and tract

Answer 23

Mitral

Question 24

Smallest cell of bulb and tract

Answer 24

Stellate

Question 25

Third order neuron of bulb and tract

Answer 25

Pyramidal

Question 26

Well developed sense of smell

Answer 26

Microsmatic

Question 27

Bathed with serous fluid in which odiferous substances are dissolved

Answer 27

Bowman's gland

Question 28

Key structure of olfactory bulb

Answer 28

Glomeruli

Question 29

Forms intrabulbar circuit for facilitation and regulation activities

Answer 29

Stellate

Question 30

Termination site of mitral and tufted cells

Answer 30

Anterior olfactory nucleus

Question 31

Process odor signals

Answer 31

Glomerular mitral cells

Question 32

Provide mechanical support for the olfactory receptor cells

Answer 32

Sustentacular cells

Question 33

Give the five layers of olfactory bulb

Answer 33

- olfactory nerve layer - glomerular layer - external plexiform - mitral - granular

Question 34

Layer of olfactory bulb where primary dendrites of mitral and tufted cells located

Answer 34

Glomerular

Question 35

Layer where apical layer of granule cells located

Answer 35

External plexiform

Question 36

Principal interneuron of olfactory bulb

Answer 36

Granule cells

Question 37

Inability to recognize smell

Answer 37

Olfactory agnosia

Question 38

Receive taste input

Answer 38

Insular and olfactory cortex

Question 39

Appears to play an especially important role in integrating olfactory, taste and other food-related cues that produce the experience of flavor

Answer 39

Medial orbitofrontal cortex

Question 40

Distortion in a smell experience

Answer 40

Parosmia (dysosmia)

Question 41

Formation of repugnant or disagreeable olfactory auras

Answer 41

Cascosmia

Question 42

Aka gustatory cells

Answer 42

Tastebuds

Question 43

Give rise to taste receptor cells due to continuous turnover, life span 10 - 14 days

Answer 43

Polygonal basal cells

Question 44

Nerve supply of chorda tympani

Answer 44

CN VII

Question 45

Principal visceral afferent nucleus of the brainstem

Answer 45

Solitary nucleus

Question 46

Two division of solitary nucleus

Answer 46

- rostral (gustatory) | - caudal (visceral or cardiorespiratory)

Question 47

Complete loss of taste

Answer 47

Ageusia

Question 48

Decreased taste sensitivity

Answer 48

Hypogeusia

Question 49

Distortions in the perception of a taste

Answer 49

Parageusia (dysgeusia)

Question 50

Paralysis of stapedius muscle

Answer 50

Hyperacusis