Bone Tissue Flashcards
(64 cards)
What is a hard, dense connective tissue that forms most of the adult skeleton?
Bone, also known as osseous tissue.
What is a semi-rigid form of connective tissue that provides flexibility and smooth surfaces for movement?
Cartilage
The __________ is the system composed of bones and cartilage.
Skeletal System
What are the critical functions performed by the skeletal system?
- supports the body
- facilitates movement
- protects internal organs
- produces blood cells
- stores and releases minerals and fat
Bones act as ______ when muscles span a joint and contract.
Levers
How do bones protect internal organs from injury?
By covering or surrounding them.
What are the two types of bone marrow?
- Yellow
- Red
Which type of bone marrow contains adipose tissue and can serve as a source of energy?
Yellow bone marrow
What occurs in red bone marrow?
Hematopoiesis - the production of blood cells.
How many bones do adults have in total?
206 bones
What is bone density?
Total amount of bone TISSUE you have.
What are the 5 categories the adult skeleton is divided into?
- Long bones
- Flat bones
- Irregular bones
- Sesamoid bones
- Short bones
What is the function of long bones?
Function as levers.
Where are long bones typically found?
In arms, legs, fingers, and toes.
Function and location of short bones?
Found in the carpals of the wrist and tarsals of the ankles; provide stability and support.
Examples of flat bones?
- Sternum
- Cranial bones
- Shoulder blades
- Ribs
What do irregular bones do?
Support and protect internal organs.
Function and locations of sesamoid bones?
Typically found in tendons associated with hands, feet, and knees; protect tendons.
What are the two parts of a long bone?
- Diaphysis - tubular shaft
- Epiphysis - ends of the bone
The hollow region of the diaphysis that contains yellow bone marrow is called the _______.
Medullary cavity.
What type of bone is found in the walls of the diaphysis?
Compact Bone
What is the growth plate in a long bone called?
Epiphyseal plate
What is the periosteum?
A fibrous membrane covering the outer surface of the bone.
What are the three general classes of bone markings?
- Articulation
- Projection
- Hole