Tissue textbook Flashcards
(42 cards)
What is the definition of tissue?
A group of cells that share an embryonic origin and morphological features, collaborating to perform a specific function.
What is histology?
Microscopic study of tissue appearance, organization, and function.
List the four types of tissue.
- Epithelial Tissue
- Connective Tissue
- Muscle Tissue
- Nervous Tissue
What is the primary function of epithelial tissue?
Covers exterior surfaces, lines internal cavities and passageways, and forms certain glands.
What is connective tissue?
Binds the cells and organs of the body together and functions in protection, support, and integration of all parts of the body.
What are the three major types of muscle tissue?
- Skeletal (voluntary muscle)
- Smooth muscle
- Cardiac muscle
What is nervous tissue responsible for?
Propagation of electrochemical signals in the form of nerve impulses that communicate between different regions of the body.
What are the three embryonic cell lineages?
- Ectoderm
- Mesoderm
- Endoderm
What does the ectoderm give rise to?
- Epidermis
- Glands on the skin
- Nervous system
- Mouth between cheek and gums
- Anus
What does the mesoderm give rise to?
- Connective tissues proper
- Bone
- Cartilage
- Blood
- Muscle
What does the endoderm give rise to?
- Lining of airways and digestive system
- Digestive glands
- Endocrine glands
What is a tissue membrane?
Thin layer or sheet of cells covering the outside of the body, organs, and internal passageways.
What are the two basic types of tissue membranes?
- Connective tissue membranes
- Epithelial tissue membranes
What is the function of synovial membranes?
Lines the cavity of a freely movable joint and produces synovial fluid.
What is a mucous membrane?
Lines body cavities and hollow passageways that open to the external environment.
What is the cutaneous membrane?
The skin, a stratified squamous epithelial membrane.
What is the basal lamina?
A mixture of glycoproteins and collagen that provides an attachment site for the epithelium.
What are the general functions of epithelial tissue?
- Protection from wear and tear
- Control permeability
- Secretion of substances
What are cilia?
Microscopic extensions of the apical cell membrane that can beat in unison.
What are the three basic types of cell connections in epithelial tissue?
- Tight junctions
- Anchoring junctions
- Gap junctions
What is a tight junction?
Separates cells into apical and basal compartments, blocking movement of substances.
What is an anchoring junction?
Includes several types of junctions that help stabilize epithelial tissues.
What is a gap junction?
Forms an intercellular passageway allowing movement of small molecules between adjacent cells.
Where is simple squamous epithelium found?
Air sacs of lungs, lining of the heart, blood vessels, and lymphatic vessels.
