Bone Tumours Flashcards
(41 cards)
What is the most common benign bone tumour?
Osteochondroma
What benign tumours grows in the metaphyseal region of long bones?
Osteochondroma
Aneurysmal bone cyst
Giant cell tumour
Treatment for osteochondroma?
Excisional biopsy
Treatment for enchondroma?
Scrape out and fill with bone graft to strengthen bone
Where do enchondroma’s occur?
Intramedullary or metaphyseal cartilage tumours in femur, humerus, tibia and small bones of hands/ feet
What is the pathology of an enchondroma?
Cartilagenous tumour caused by failed endochondral ossificatoin at growth plate
Pathology of simple bone cyst?
Single cavity benign filled fluid cyst in bone
Treatment for simple bone cyst?
Curretage and bone grafting
What benign bone tumour has lots of chambers filled with blood or serum and occurs in metaphyses of long bones. It is locally aggressive and painful.
Aneurysmal bone cyst
LOTS OF CHAMBERS
Treatment for aneurysmal bone cyst
Currettage and bone grafting
You xray a small soft lesion around the knee, the patient mentioned it was very painful. It had a soap bubble appearance on xray. Diagnosis?
Giant cell tumour
What is the treatment for giant cell tumour?
Locally destroys the cortex so intralesional excision with bone cement or liquid nitrogen to destroy the remaining tumour
Fibrous dysplasia can result in what kind of angular deformity?
Shepherds crook deformity if it involves the proximal femur
What epidemiological group commonly gets fibrous dysplasia?
Adolescence as its lesions of fibrous tissue and immature bone usually picked up at this age.
Young teen presents with fracture of the proximal femur. It had been painful for a while before but then he fell badly. You diagnose a bone tumour and give bisphophonates and internal fixation for the fracture. What was the diagnosis?
Fibrous dysplasia
Young teen presents with intense mid leg pain worse at night. On CT there is a focal lucent nidus with surrounding sclerotic reactive bone. Diagnosis? Treatment?
Osteoid osteoma- benign bone tumour
CT guided radiofrequency ablatation
Or en bloc excision (surgical removal with healthy tissue margin)
NSAIDS for pain
What is the most common type of malignant bone tumour
Osteosarcoma
Man of 20 years presents with fatigue, loss of appetite, constant pain superior to the knee worse at night. It just over the last few weeks has become really painful. What is the likely diagnosis? Treatment?
Osteosarcoma
Most common malignamt tumour and most commonly occcuring around the knee
Chemotherapy adjuvant (after surgery )
Man of 45 years presents with a bony outgrowth in his proximal femur. It is painful, has been gradually growing over the last few months, and has recently been keeping him up at night. Likely diagnosis?
Chondrosarcoma
Common in 45 years, large and slow to metastasis
In pelvis or proximal femur
Patient with pagets disease is predisposed to what type of primary bone tumour?
Fibrosarcoma and malignant fibrous histiocytoma
Male of 15 years presents with pain in his mid arm with associated swelling, it is worse at night, he has a fever and the area around the pain is hot. You do bloods and he has raised inflammatory markers. What is the likely diagnosis?
Ewings sarcoma
Common 10-20years commonly misdiagnosed as osteomyelitis
What is the treatment for ewings sarcoma?
Surgical removal with adjuvant radiotherapy or chemotherapy
Man 60 years presents with a soft lump on his abdomen, its been fluctuating in size over the last few years. Likely diagnosis?
Lipoma
What are the most common tumours that metastasise to bone?
Bad boys pee through kidneys
Breast bronchus prostate thyroid kidneys
