Booklet 7 - Globalisation Critique Flashcards
(11 cards)
Hyperglobalist Views
Support globalisation. See the nation state as no longer important and view a new geographical era in which there is a single global market supported by extensive and open networks and flows of goods, information, people and finance. Accept the importance of the decision-making above the level of individual states, e.g. EU.
Sceptic Views
Globalisation is nothing new and the World has always been integrated. Sceptical of the free movement of goods aspect as many counter adopt protectionist measures. China, India and the USA have achieved growth through governmental policies and upholding their sovereignty. Believe that globalisation marginalises the poor.
Transformationalist Views
View between a sceptic and a hyperglobalist. Accept the process of increasing globalisation but think that the role of governments is changing rather then being overtaken by group decision-making. Acknowledge time-space compression through extensive new networks and flows.
Why do some HICs oppose globalisation
- Loss of industry in their nations
- Cheap imports undercut locally sourced and manufactured products
- High immigration may be seen to dilute the local culture
- May be seen to lose jobs for locals if immigrants are becoming employed, or seen to be using all of the residents’ tax payments
Why do some NEEs oppose globalisation
- Do not want to succumb to the ‘Westernisation’ of their culture
- Poor working conditions due to TNCs outsourcing their industry
- Resource depletion across the globe, global pollution
- Widening wealth gap within their nation
Social Negatives of Globalisation
- Loss of unique cultures
- Dominance of Western media, goods and cultural products
- Increased social inequality within nations
- Widening wealth gap causes larger quality of life gap
- Marginalised groups may not see the benefit of globalisation
Environmental Negatives of Globalisation
- Resource depletion across the globe
- Global pollution
- Lack of raw materials
- Local ecosystems destroyed due to intensive extraction
- Climate Change
Biodiversity loss - Deforestation
- Industrialisation
- LICs and NEEs are vulnerable to extreme weather conditions
Economic Negatives of Globalisation
- Exploitation of labour of workers in LICs, as TNCs cut costs as much as possible
- Race to the bottom in prices
- Little economic gain for LICs
- Short term jobs only
- LICs can become dependent on TNCs and global supply chains, so they are vulnerable to economic shocks.
- Over reliance on exports and reliant on foreign markets
Social Positives of Globalisation
- Cultural Exchange
- Global Awareness of lifestyle and traditions
- Exposure to global trends and products
- Improved education due to greater access to internet and digital technologies
- LICs and NEEs may receive aid to boost educational programmes
- Improved access to Information
Environmental Positives of Globalisation
- Increased environmental awareness globally
- International agreements
- LICs and NEEs may adopt more modern and better environmental policies
- Green technologies and sustainable practices are adopted, due to pressure on firms and governments
- Global push for clean energy sources and renewable technologies can combat climate change
- Nations may invest in renewable energy an benefit local economies
- LICs and NEEs can follow the lead of HICs to adopt these policies
Economic Positives of Globalisation
- Increased economic growth, due to global trade, investment and markets
- Growth in FDI for LICs and NEEs, which leads to job creation and infrastructure
- Raises living standards
- Spread of technologies across the World, which can improve agriculture, healthcare, energy provision.
- Modernisation of LICs’ industries can cause long term growth
