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French Wine Scholar > Bordeaux > Flashcards

Bordeaux Flashcards

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1
Q

Parents of Cabernet Sauvignon

A

Sauvignon Blanc x Cabernet Franc

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2
Q

Parents of Merlot

A

Magdeleine Noire x Cabernet Franc

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3
Q

Parents Malbec

A

Prunelard x Magdeleine Noire

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4
Q

Parents Carmènere

A

Cabernet Franc x Gros Cabernet

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5
Q

Terms
Claret
Clairet

A 
Claret = English name for Bordeaux reds
Clairet = dark rosé wine
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6
Q

Climate Bordeaux

A

Maritime

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7
Q

‘Le Lande’

A

Largest men made forest in Europe, protects Bordeaux from Ocean winds & storms

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8
Q

2 important rivers that flank ‘Entre Deux Mers’

A

Dordogne

Garonne

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9
Q

Bordeaux:
Warm soils
Cold soils

A

warm soils: Gravel & Sand, warm up and radiate heat back

cold soils: Clay & Limestone, dense and moisture retaining
limestone: high acidity, lean tannins

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10
Q

White grapes Bordeaux

A

Sémillon (49%)
Sauvignon Blanc
Muscadelle

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11
Q

Red grapes Bordeaux

A 
Merlot (65%)
Cabernet Sauvignon
Cabernet Franc
Malbec (Côt, Noir de Pressac)
Petit Verdot
Carmenère
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12
Q

Left Bank, soils, grapes

A

Gravel (warm soils), Cabernet Sauvignon dominated

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13
Q

Right bank, soils, grapes

A

Clay & Limestone (cold soils), Merlot & Cabernet Franc

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14
Q

Wine styles Bordeaux Supérieur AOC

A

Red
Moeulleux (semi sweet whites)

No dry whites allowed!

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15
Q

Médoc, winestyle, soil, grapes

A

Only red, Cabernet Sauvignon dominated, gravel (warm soils)

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16
Q

Médoc 8 AOCs

A 
Médoc 
Haut Médoc 
St. Estèphe 
Pauillac
St. Julien
Margaux
Moulis-en-Médoc
Listrac-Médoc
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17
Q

6 AOCs Graves & Sauternes

A

Graves
Graves Supérieur
Pessac-Léognan

Sauternes
Barsac
Cérons

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18
Q

3 sweet wine AOCs in Grave

A

Sauternes
Barsac
Cérons

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19
Q

Which river flows between Barsac & Sauternes, creating morning fog together with Garonne

A

Ciron

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20
Q

Which is considered the most ‘Californian’ AOC in Medoc

chocolate covered cherry fruit

A

St Julien AOC

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21
Q

What winestyles are made under

Graves AOC
Graves Supérieures AOC

A

Grave: red & white

Grave Supérieures: semi sweet white

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22
Q

How did Bodeaux escape extreme fragmentation of vineyard holdings like in Bourgogne?

A

Incorporation - gave away shares, not land

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23
Q

As trade began to flourish in 1800s, what 3 pests hit the Bordeaux vineyards?

A

Powdery mildew
Phylloxera
Downey mildew

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24
Q

What did Emile Peynaud introduce to Bordeaux

A

2nd labels

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25
What triggered the third golden age of Bordeaux?
Robert Parker merits of 1982 vintage
26
Gironde - whats that?
Name of river estuary, from l'hirondelle (Schwalbe)
27
Why were 'The Lands' planted
Windbreak, to avoid that sand dunes epand
28
River that divides Left Bank from Entre Deux Mers
Garonne
29
River that divides Right bank from Entre Deux Mers
Dordogne
30
What differences Bordeaux Supérieur AOC from Bordeaux AOC?
``` Lower yields Higher min alcohol levels Reds must age at least 9 months Whites must be moelleux (no dry whites in supérieur) ```
31
Where is the origen on Sémillon?
Sauternes, Graves
32
Origen of Sauvignon Blanc?
Loire
33
Origen of Muscadelle?
Bordeaux
34
What percentage of Bordeaux is planted to white grapes?
12%
35
What is the origen of Merlot & Cabernet Sauvignon
Bordeaux
36
What is the origen of Cabernet Franc?
Basque Country, Spain
37
Merlot: Parents? What soils does it prefer?
Magdeleine Noire x Cabernet Franc | Preferred soils: Clay
38
Cabernet Sauvignon: Parents? Preferred Soils?
Sauvignon Blanc x Cabernet Franc | Warm soils: gravel and sand
39
What soils does Cabernet Franc prefer?
limestone (cold soil)
40
Parents of Malbec?
Prunelard x Magdeleine Noir
41
Wine styles: White Graves White Graves Supérieurs
White Graves: Dry | White Graves Supérieurs: Semi Sweet
42
3 Sweet wine AOCs in Entre Deux Mers
Cadillac Loupiac Sainte-Croix-Du-Mont
43
Premières Côtes de Bordeaux location wine style
Entre-Deux-Mers | Semi sweet white
44
Graves de Vayres location wine styles
Entre-deux-Mers | Red, dry & semi-sweet white
45
``` The Côtes: Location Banks Facing Soils Grapes ```
``` Mainly on right banks On slopes of rivers or estuary Mostly west facing Clay & Limestone soils Merlot & Cab Franc planted ```
46
Côtes de Bordeaux AOC | winestyle
dry red if from generic Côtes de Bordeaux, can vary if sub regional designation is annexed
47
Cadillac-Côtes de Bordeaux AOC Cadillac AOC winestyles
Cadillac-Côtes de Bordeaux: red | Cadillac: sweet
48
What are the four St. Emilion satellites?
St Georges - St. Emilion AOC Lussac - St. Emilion AOC Montagne - St. Emilion AOC Puisseguin - St. Emilion AOC
49
Which Bordeaux classification ranks wines, not estates
Graves Classification wines of 16 properties 6 estates red & white wine 3 estates white 7 estates red Bottles can be labeled Grand Cru Classé de Graves or Cru Classé de Graves
50
Difference in taste of Pomerol & Lalande-de-Pomerol
Pomerol: Walnut, truffle,.prune; age-worthy Lalande-de-Pomerol: Fruitier, strawberry, raspberry, less structured then Pomerol
51
What event decimated the Malbec plantings in Bordeaux?
Winter Freeze of 1956
52
What practice was found to rob Sauvignon Blanc of its aromatics?
Copper-Sulfate sprays
53
Differences Bordeaux Supérieur & Bordeaux AOC red & whites
stricter production standards, lower yields, higher Alcohol reds: aged for 9 months white: semi sweet
54
How are reds from Entre-Deux-Mers labeled?
Bordeaux AOC | Bordeaux Supérieur AOC
55
What are the three secondary red grape varieties in Bordeaux?
Malbec, Petit Verdot, Carmenère
56
What is the primary grape of Entre-Deux-Mers?
Sauvignon Blanc
57
Why is Graves suited for sweet wine production?
Damp, foggy mornings followed by warm dry afternoons promote noble rot.
58
What are the four sub-regional designations of the Côtes de Bordeaux AOC
Blaye Cadillac Castillon Francs
59
What style of wine is made in the Médoc?
Dry reds only
60
What Bordeaux AOC produces dry whites mainly from Colombard?
Côtes de Blaye AOC
61
What style of wine is made under the Entre-Deux-Mers AOC
Dry whites only
62
Bordeaux's first vineyards were planted in what sub-region?
Graves
63
Where is the wine producing area of Libournais?
Bordeaux right bank, around city of Liborne
64
What Médoc AOC is considered the most 'Californian' (chocolate covered cherries)
St. Julien
65
What style of wine is produced in the Libournais?
Dry red only (in all 10 AOC's)
66
What 3 Bordeaux wunegrowing areas were included in the 1855 classification?
Médoc (60 Châteaux) Péssac-Leognan (1 Chateau) Sauternes (26 Châteaux)
67
How many categories of "Growths" "Crus" were given to red wines in the 1855 classification?
5
68
A semi-sweet wine from Graves must be labeled as?
Graves Supérieures AOC
69
What Médoc AOC is considered the most feminine and perfumed?
Margaux AOC
70
What Bordeaux soils are considered "cold"?
Clay and Limestone | retain moisture
71
Bordeaux produces more AOC wine then any other French region? T/F
True
72
Why is Malbec seldom planted in Bordeaux today?
Winter freeze of 1956 destroyed most Malbec plantings
73
What is the climate of Bordeaux?
Maritime
74
What are the 4 St. Emilion satellites?
St-Georges Lussac Montagne Puisseguin
75
What estate is the only Premier Cru Supérieur of the 1855 classification?
Château d'Yquem
76
What did the 1953 Graves classification rank?
Wines of 16 estates (not the estates themselves)
77
What 3 Bordeaux winegrowing areas were included in the 1855 classification?
Médoc (60 chateaux) Péssac-Leognan (1 chateau - Chateau Haut-Brion) Sauternes (25 chateaux)
78
What style of wine is produced in the Libournais
All 10 Libournais AOCs are for dry reds only
79
Percentage of red and white wine produces in Graves
2/3 red | 1/3 white, dry and sweet
80
Graves AOC Graves Supérieures AOC winestyles
Graves AOC: red & dry white | Graves Supérieures AOC: semi sweet

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