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French Wine Scholar > Provence > Flashcards

Provence Flashcards

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1
Q

Influence of railroad on Provence beginning 19th century

A

Brought tourists that consumed local wines

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2
Q

Climate Provence

A

Mediterranean

in some interior regions alpine and continental influences

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3
Q

Mistral in Provence

A

Cooling effect, mostly in winter & spring, although Mistral usually blows N - S, here its channeld South-westwards

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4
Q

Traditional training system and modern system in Provence

A

Traditional: Gobelet
Now: Guyot

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5
Q

Largest AOC in Provence

& wines produced

A

Côtes de Provence AOC
75% of production
90% rosé, 7% red, 3% white

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6
Q

Grapes used in Côtes de Provence AOC

A

Rosé / red: min 2 of: Grenache, Mourvèdre, Cinsault, Tibouren (Syrah, Cabernet Sauvignon, Carignan as additional blending allowed), rosé can contain small % of white grapes

White: Clairette, Rolle (Vermentino) Sémillon, Ugni Blanc

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7
Q

4 geographic designations (no independent AOCs) in Côte de Provence AOC, production standards

A

Sainte-Victoire
Fréjus
La Londe
Pierrefeu

Higher alcohols, lower yields, Fréjus red min 6 months in oak

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8
Q

Name of white grape Rolle in Italy (land of origen)

A

Vermentino

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9
Q

Ugni Blanc (white grape) name in italy and synonym in Provence

A

Italy: Trebbiano
Provence: Roussan

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10
Q

Côtes de Provence Cru Classés

A

Ranking from 1955, ranks estates but only applies for original ranked vineyard sites

Originally ranked 23 / 5 don’t exist anymore, today: 18 estates

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11
Q

Only AOC in Provence that produces majority white & grapes for whites

A

Cassis AOC

Marsanne & Clairette blend

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12
Q

Cassis AOC, wine styles and grapes

A

white (67%), rosé (30%), red (3%)

white: Marsanne & Clairette blend
rosé, red: Cinsault, Grenache, Mourvèdre

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13
Q

Only AOC in Provence that allows Chardonnay

A

Bellet AOC

Whites usually Rolle/Chardonnay/Clairette blends

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14
Q

Typical bottle Provence

A

Flûte à Corset / skittle

corset for mid section, skittle for game

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15
Q

Vins de Soif

Vins de Gastronomie

A

Vins de Soif - light bodied, crisp, no oak, as apperitif

Vins de Gastronomie - deeper, fuller bodied, more structure, red also vin de garde

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16
Q

Newest Provence AOC & its climate

A

Coteaux de Pierrevert AOC

mediterranean with strong alpine influence

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17
Q

2 Provence AOC’s that produce more red wine

A

Les Baux de Provence AOC

Palette AOC

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18
Q

Smallest AOC in Provence

A

Palette AOC

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19
Q

Provence AOCs that mandate oak ageing

A

Bandol AOC, Palette AOC, Côte de Provence Fréjus

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20
Q

Main red grape in Bandol AOC and ageing requirement for Bandol reds

A

Mourvèdre, 18 months in oak

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21
Q

Main red and main white grape in Bandol AOC

A

Red: Mourvèdre (min 50% in reds, min 20% in rosé)

White: Clairette (min 50%)

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22
Q

Most northern AOC in Provence

A

Coteaux de Pierrevert AOC, only AOC that lies north of Durance river, strong alpine influence

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23
Q

2 principal soil types in Provence

A 
Crystalline schist (eastern part)
Limestone / Clay (north & west)
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24
Q

2 white grapes of Provence with italian origin and italian names

A

Rolle - Vermentino

Ugni Blanc - Trebbiano

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25
2 red grapes grown in Provence with spanish origin and spanish names
Carignan - Cariñena / Mazuelo | Mourvèdre - Mataro / Monastrell
26
2 principal methods of rosé production and resulting wine style
Direct Press - pale rosé with fruity aromas and minimal tannins Saignée - more concentrated color and tannin; less complex aromatics
27
What wine styles can be labeled with Côtes de Provence AOC geographic designations - Sainte Victoire, Fréjus, La Londe, Pierrefeu
Reds & Rosé only lower yields, higher alcohol Reds from Fréjus six months in oak (barrels or foudre)
28
How many estates are classified Côtes de Provence Cru Classé
18 (originally 23 - 5 do no longer produce)
29
Palette AOC - ageing requirements
Reds: 18 months in Oak | Rosés & whites: 8 months before release
30
Only Provence AOC which produces Marsanne as primary grape
Cassis AOC | 67% white, Marsanne-Clairette blend
31
Which Provence AOC only covers hillside vineyards
Bandol AOC
32
Which AOC has the highest diurnal swing of Provence
Coteaux de Pierrevert AOC, alpine influences
33
AOC surrounding Nice
Bellet AOC
34
Half of which Provence AOC is produced by Chateau Simone
Palette AOC smallest AOC, 40 ha 44% red, 37% white
35
Which Provence AOC vineyards face south in an amphitheater fashion
Bandol AOC
36
Which Provence AOC's vineyards are protected from the Mistral by the 'Massif de Calanques'
Cassis AOC
37
Which is the oldest wine region of France?
Provence
38
What are the two primary soil types in Provence?
``` Crystalline schist (east) Clay-limestone (north & west) ```
39
Which AOC produces the highest volume of wine in Provence?
Côtes de Provence AOC
40
Which AOC has the only classification system in Provence?
Côtes de Provence AOC 1955, cru classé, estates classified, but only for the classified vineyards 23 originally classified, 5 stopped operations, today: 18 estates
41
What are the 4 sub-regions of Côtes de Provence AOC?
Sainte-Victoire Frejus La Londe Pierrefeu
42
How do regulations of 4 sub-regions differ from main Cotes de Provence AOC?
Higher min. alcohol, lower yields, reds and rosé only
43
Which is the 2nd largest AOC in Provence (after Côtes de Provence AOC)?
Coteaux d'Aix-en-Provence AOC
44
Smallest AOC in Provence?
Palette
45
What AOC was previously part of Coteaux d'Aix -en-Provenve?
Les Baux de Provence
46
Which AOC in Provence has the widest harvest differential N-S?
Coteaux Varois en Provence
47
Which area is known for Vin Cuit (although not produced commercially)?
Palette
48
Which AOC produces more white than rosé or red?
Cassis
49
Which white grapes dominate in Cassis?
Marsanne & Clairette
50
Which 4 AOC's have mandatory aging requirements?
Bandol - reds Les Baux de Provence - reds Palette - reds, rosés, whites Côtes de Provence Fréjus
51
2 AOC's that do not allow Bordeaux varieties?
Bellet | Coteaux de Pierrevert
52
What are 'restanques'
Stone retaining walls (Bandol)
53
What are the 4 primary grapes used for rosé production in Provence?
``` Grenache Cinsault Syrah Mourvèdre (GSM & Cinsault) ```
54
What is the primary method of making Provence rosé?
direct press | fruit forward, light, elegant, light color, little tanins
55
Who introduced formal viticulture to Provence
Phocaens
56
What is the only AOC in Provence that allows Chardonnay?
Bellet
57
Which AOC is a major producer of white wine from Marsanne?
Cassis
58
What is the principal grape of red Bandol?
Mourvèdre
59
Which Provencal AOC is a bastion for organic and biodynamic viticulture?
Les Baux de Provence
60
What is 'Maquis'?
Scrub vegetation growing on crystalline schist
61
Where in Provence was Cabernet Sauvignon first planted?
Coteaux d'Aix-en-Provence
62
What Provence AOC produces more red wine then rosé?
Les Baux de Provence AOC
63
What AOC in Provence is known for organic and biodynamic farming?
Les Baux de Provence AOC
64
What is garrigue?
A term used to describe limestone soils and the herbs that grow upon it
65
Maquis
A mix of herbs grown on schist soils
66
Red and rosé Côtes de Provence AOC have two use at least 2 of which grapes?
Grenache, Syrah, Mourvèdre, Cinsault, Tibouren
67
What Provence AOC has strong alpine influences?
Coteaux de Pierrevert AOC
68
What is the principal red grape of Bandol AOC?
Mourvèdre
69
What are the 4 geographic designations of the Côtes de Provence AOC?
Sainte-Victoire Fréjus La Londe Pierrefeu
70
What Provence AOC surrounds the city of Nice?
Bellet AOC
71
Rolle is a synonym for what italian grape?
Vermentino
72
What is the Hercynian Trend?
A deformation in the earth's crust responsible for creating the mountains and massifs of Provence and Languedoc.
73
What Provence AOC produces mainly white wine?
Cassis AOC (70% white)
74
Term 'restanques'?
Terraced stone walls in vineyards, especially in Bandol
75
2 main soil types found in Provence?
Calcerous limestone | Quartz-rich schist
76
What Provence AOC is known for indigenous grapes like Braquet and Folle Noire?
Bellet AOC
77
Climate Provence
Mediterranean with some continental and alpine influence in the north
78
What are the two main soil types in Provence?
Calcerous limestone | Quartz rich schist

French Wine Scholar (14 decks)

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