French Wine Scholar > Languedoc-Roussilon > Flashcards

Languedoc-Roussilon Flashcards

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1
Q

2 events in 19th century that lead Languedoc to become French #1 producer

A

1855: Railway Paris-Lyon-Marseille, inexpensive wine could be transported north for low cost

1863 Phylloxera, Languedoc replanted quickly on american root stock

by 1900 Languedoc became France #1 producer, producing almost half of french wine

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2
Q

Importance of Coops Languedoc

A

approx. 150 coops, responsible for 65% of production

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3
Q

Garrigue

A

Limestone soils in south of France, very poor in nutritients, delivers red & whites with high acidity & polished tannis

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4
Q

AOC Languedoc
Winstyles
Origin of fruit
Grapes

A 
Includes fruit from Roussillon
79% red, 21% rosé, 8% white
Red: 
Grenache, Llandoner Pelut, Syrah, Mourvèdre (min 50%)
Cinsault, Carignan (max 40%)
By law blends of at least 2 variatels
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5
Q

Are there single variaty wines from Languedoc AOC?

A

No, by law blends of min 2 varietals

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6
Q

AOC Languedoc - DGC

A

Dénominations Géographiques Complémentaires (districts)
12 different districts allowed,
if DGC on label fruit has to be from zone.

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7
Q

2 AOCs of Languedoc that only produce white wine, grapes & soils

A

Clairette du Languedoc AOC
Clairette, Limestone

Picpoul de Pinet AOC
Picpoul, Limestone

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8
Q

Faugères Cru AOC

wine style, grapes, location

A

85% red
Syrah, Grenache, Mourvèdre, Carignan, Cinsault

Within foothills of Cévennes Mountains

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9
Q

Term ‘Cru’ in Languedoc / Roussillon

How many Cu AOC’s in Languedoc?

A

not legally defined, simply implies statu

6 Cru AOC’s in Languedoc

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10
Q

How many ‘Cru’ appellations in Languedoc

A

6

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11
Q

Lladoner Pelut

A

Red grape, common in Languedoc–Roussillon

Mutation of Grenache-Noir

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12
Q

Terrasses du Larzac AOC

winestyle & grapes

A

only red
Syrah, Grenache, Mourvèdre (min 60%)
Carignan, Cinsault (max 30%)

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13
Q

Terrasses du Larzac AOC

location & climate

A

On foot of Larzac plateau
Continental influences, more rainfall
high diurnal temp differences

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14
Q

Minervois AOC

red grapes

A

Syrah based with high proportions of Grenache, Mourvèdre (GSM min 60%)

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15
Q

biggest non regional AOC in Languedoc

and winestyle

A

Corbières AOC

mostly red, Carignan based

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16
Q

Names for Carignan in Spain

A

Cariñena, Mazuelo

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17
Q

Winestyle produced by Carignan grape

A

well structured tannic reds with good acidity

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18
Q

Fitou AOC

winestyle and grapes

A

only red
Carignan/Grenache (min 60%)
Syrah, Mourvèdre

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19
Q

2 subzones of Fitou AOC and soils

A

Fitou Maritime - Clay, Limestone

Haut Fitou - Limestone, Sandstone

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20
Q

Which AOC in Languedoc has an equal split between Atlantic and Mediterranean varieties?

A

Cabardès AOC

Merlot, Cabernet Sauvignon, Cabernet Franc (min 40%)
Syrah, Grenache (min 40%)

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21
Q

Malepère AOC

winestyles and grapes

A

70% red, 30% rosé

Red: Merlot (min. 50%), Côt (min 20%), Cabernet Franc (min 20%)

Rosé: min. 50% Cabernet Franc

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22
Q

Which Languedoc AOC is divided into Atlantic Corridor and Mountain / hillsides, name the 2 subzones

A

Fitou AOC

Fitou Maritime
Haut Fitou

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23
Q

Which Languedoc AOC is divided into Atlantic Corridor and Mountain / hillsides, name the 2 subzones

A

Fitou AOC

Fitou Maritime
Haut Fitou

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24
Q

Only grape variety used in Roussillon and not in Languedoc

A

Tourbat (Malvoisie du Roussillon) - white grape

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25
Synonym of Tourbat (white grape variety used in Roussillon but not in Languedoc) in Roussillon
Malvoisie du Roussillon
26
Vins Doux Naturel Languedoc - grapes, production standards
``` 100% Muscat à Petits Grains Blanc Hand Harvested Mutage to min 15% alcohol min residual sugar 11% (except Muscat de Saint Jean de Minervois: 12.5%) Reductive ```
27
4 VDN AOC's in Languedoc and min residual sugar
Muscat de Lunel AOC - 11% Muscat de Mireval AOC - 11% Muscat de Frontignan AOC - 11% Muscat de Saint Jean de Minervois AOC - 12.5% Grape: Muscat à Petits Grains Hand Harvet Mutage to 15% alcohol
28
What wine style is Roussillon known for?
Vins Doux Naturels, 80% of french production
29
Climate Roussillon
Mediterranean, sunniest region of France, in rain shadow of Pyrénées
30
Tramontane
Strong north wind in Roussillon, like Mistral dries and concentrates sugar in grapes, minimizes risks od disease
31
Where does the name "Roussillon" come from
Rousse - red clay, common in area
32
Rousse
Red clay in Roussillon, iron rich, sandy, water retaining, Roussillon got name from it
33
Wine Styles produced in Côtes du Roussillon AOC Côtes du Roussillon Villages AOC
Côtes du Roussillon AOC: Red (80%), Rosé, White Côtes du Roussillon Villages AOC Res only, Grenache based, but blend of min 2 varieties
34
How many villages, considered cru, can add their name to Côtes du Roussillon Villages AOC
4
35
Grapes used in Côtes du Roussillon Villages AOC
Red only Grenache, Carignan, Lladoner Pelut, Syrah, Mourvèdre Grenache base, but blends of min 2 varieties, max. 70% of one grape
36
With what VDN AOC does Collioure AOC (Roussillon) share the same area
Banylus AOC | Banylus Grand Cru AOC
37
Only 100% white VDN AOC in Roussillon and grapes
Muscat de Rivesalte AOC Muscat à petits grains Muscat d'Alexandrie
38
5 VDN AOC, in Roussillon and style
``` Rivesaltes AOC (red/white) Maury AOC (red/white) Banylus AOC (red/rosé/white) Banylus Grand Cru AOC (red) Muscat de Rivesaltes (white) ```
39
Winestyles Maurie AOC (Roussillon)
Maurie sec: Dry red (sec on label) VDN: Red & White
40
Bonbonne
Glass jars in which VDN can be aged
41
Hors D'Age
Oxidized VDN with min. ageing of 5 years
42
Wine styles Banyuls AOC & Banyuls Cru AOC
VDN Banyuls AOC - red, rosé, white Banyuls Grand Cru AOC - red only, min 75 % Grenache Noir
43
Arnaud de Villeneuve
1285, invented Mutage
44
IGP Pay's d'Oc
Most important IGP in France, 67% of IGP production | Fruit can come from Languedoc & Roussillion
45
IGP Pay's d'Oc
Most important IGP in France, 67% of IGP production | Fruit can come from Languedoc & Roussillion
46
Which grape is the historical backbone of Languedoc red blends
Carignan
47
Languedoc: How many grape varieties are approved for IGP wines
56
48
2 non-fortified AOC''s along Languedoc coastal plain and wine styles
Picpoul de Pinet AOC - white, 100% Picpoul La Clape Cru AOC - 90% red, 10% white, red: min. 70% GSM
49
3 VDN Languedoc AOC's located on Coastal Plains, grapes
Muscat de Lunel AOC Muscat de Mireval AOC Muscat de Frontignan AOC Grape: Muscat à Petits Grains Blanc
50
Only VDN AOC in Languedoc located in Mountains / Hillsides
Muscat de Saint Jean Minervois AOC
51
Most western Languedoc AOC (Atlantic Corridor), Grapes
Malpère AOC 70% red, 30% rosé min. 50% Merlot
52
Which AOC in Languedoc is known for sparkling wine
Limoux
53
In which Languedoc AOC dominate Bordeaux varieties
Malepère AOC - min 50% Merlot
54
Which Languedoc AOC is known for Syrah based wines?
Minervois AOC
55
In which Languedoc AOC do you find wines from Mauzac grape
Limoux AOC still white Blanquette de Limoux AOC Blanquette de Limoux Méthode Ancestrale AOC
56
What is the major grape in | Blanquette de Limoux AOC & Blanquette Méthode Ancestrale AOC
Mouzac
57
Name 3 rivers that flow through Roussillon
Tech, Têt, Agly
58
Four french departments in Languedoc
Aude Herault Gard Lozére
59
Banyuls AOC must contain 50% of which grape
Grenache Noir
60
What grape is historic backbone of Languedoc red blend
Carignan
61
Which grape is also known as Malvoisie du Roussillon or Malvasia
Tourbat
62
Roussillon drafts what percentage of all of France VDN
80%
63
Term for white Banyuls that is oxidized
Ambré
64
Term for Red Banyuls made reductively
Rimage
65
Term for red Banyuls that is oxidized
Tuilé
66
Term for red Banyuls that is extremely oxidized
Rancio
67
Explain terms Tuilé and Rancio in red Banyuls
Tuilé - oxidized | Rancio - extremely oxidized
68
The sparkling tradition of Limoux predates that of Champagne by how many years
150 years
69
How many Languedoc Crus
6
70
Dominant grapes in red blends Corbières AOC Minervois AOC
Corbières - Carignan (min 50%) | Minervois - GSM (min 60%)
71
Only 100% dry white AOC in Mountaineous region of Languedoc
Clairette du Languedoc AOC | Grape: Clairette
72
Where was the first Coop cellar in France
Maraussan, Languedoc
73
How did Phylloxera have a positive effect for Languedoc?
First region to be replanted, became major source for french wine
74
Most important red grapes in Languedoc
Carignan, Syrah, Mourvèdre, Grenache
75
Which grape is the historical backbone of Languedoc red blends?
Carignan
76
3 rivers of Rousssillon and influence on climate
Agly, Têt, Tech Carry cold water from Pyrenees, temper areas around them
77
Topography Roussillon
Hills, surrounded by mountains
78
3 topographical zones Languedoc
Coastal plains: fertile, entry level IGPs Mountains/Hillside: higher diurial variations, rainshadow Atlantic corridor: Atlantic & Mediterranean forces meet
79
Synonyme for | Tourbat (white grape), only grape used in Roussillon and not in Languedoc
Malvoisie du Roussillon
80
Term Ambré
oxidized white VDN (amber color)
81
Term 'Tuilé'
Oxidized red VDN (tuilé - color of local roof tile)
82
Term Rancio VDN
extremely oxidized
83
Bonbonnes
Glas Jars used to oxidate VDN
84
Which AOC and IGP Languedoc and Roussillon share jointly?
IGP Pays d'OC | Languedoc AOC
85
Roussillon produces what percentage of all France's VDN?
80%
86
Term for Red Banyuls that is made reductively?
Rimage
87
Term for white oxidized Banyuls
Ambré
88
Terms for - oxidized Red Banyuls - extremely oxidized Red Banyuls
oxidized: Tuilé | extremely oxidized: Rancio
89
What AOCs are located in the Languedocs 'Atlantic Corridor'?
Cabardés, Malepère and Limoux AOCs
90
What Languedoc AOC grows Chenin Blanc?
Limoux
91
Which AOC covers the same area as Banyuls / Banyuls Grand Cru AOCss, but for dry wines?
Collioure AOC
92
Which Roussillon AOC produces dry reds and VDN (red & white)?
Maury AOC
93
2 Languedoc AOCs that produce only white wine from one single grape
Clairette de Languedoc AOC | Picpoul de Pinet AOC

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