What is the only virus in the bornavirus genus?
Borna disease virus
Do bornaviruses have envelopes?
Yes
Bornaviruses have a single molecule of ________ sense, _________ stranded RNA
Negative sense
single stranded
What are the major proteins of bornaviruses?
Matrix protein- M
Glygoprotein**- G (responsible for induction of neutralizing antibodies)
Nucleoproteins- N
Small polypeptide X is abundant where?
In the cells - but not in the nucleocapsid of bornaviruses
Where do bornaviruses replicate in the cell?
Nucleus
T/F: Host cells are destroyed when newly replicated viruses leave the cells
FALSE
The cells are not destroyed – therefore you can have persistent infection
How is borna disease virus (BDV) transmitted and to whom?
Oral-nasal route
Wide host range - including humans ZOONOTIC
Mostly horses and sheep (Natural infection)
T/F: Mortality is high in horses that develop neurological signs with BDV infections
TRUE
If the disease of BVD is a mild case, what does that mean for the animals recovery?
Recovery is rapid, but persistent infection develops –> become carriers
What clinical signs may you see in a horse with BDV?
Fever, abnormal behavior (chewing motion without food intake - leads to excessive salivation), depression, head tilt, ataxia
Later stages: paralysis, , nystagmus, blindness, **head pressing
How long is the typical course of BDV?
3-20 days, resulting in death
What is the progression of pathogenesis of BDV?
virus passes intra-axonally to olfactory bulbs of the brain –> disseminates through CNS
T/F: BDV does not elicit protective immune response
TRUE
But, may induce immunopathology: immune system induces the neuro pathology
What is the significance of perivascular cuffing?
T cells, macrophages, and plasma cells will cluster around vasculature in the brain - can see this on histo
What inclusion bodies are pathognomonic for BDV?
Joest-Degen
eosinophilic intranuclear inclusion bodies in neurons
What is the gold standard test for BVD?
FAT - using cerebrospinal fluid or serum
Virus isolation, RT-PCR (for confirmation)
T/F: there is a vaccine available for BDV?
FALSE
ID and quarantine carriers
Where does the Avian bornavirus have tropism to?
nervous system
What clinical signs are seen in a patients with avian bornavirus and who does it infect?
Psittacine birds - parrots
Progressive neuro dysfunction - ataxia, paralytic dilatation of the esophagus and proventriculus, GI tract dysfunction, wt loss
