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NPLEX2 Botanicals > Botanicals immune system > Flashcards

Botanicals immune system Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the 3 categories of botanicals for the immune system. How many botanical are there? Can you name them?

A

26 Botanicals in all

Infection:

  1. Artemisia annua
  2. Baptisia tinctoria
  3. Cinnamomum cassia
  4. Commiphora myrrha
  5. Cordiceps sinensis
  6. Hypericum perforatum
  7. Larrea tridentate
  8. Ligusticum porteri
  9. Lomatium dissectum
  10. Melaleuca alternifolia
  11. Oleo europaea
  12. Usnea barbata

Adaptogen:

  1. Astragulus membranaceus
  2. Echinacea pallida, purpurea
  3. Eleutherococcus senticosus
  4. Ganderna lucidum
  5. Glycyrrhiza glabra
  6. Ligustrum lucidum
  7. Panax ginseng
  8. Panax quinquefolius
  9. Schisandra chinensis
  10. Withania somnifera

Lymph

  1. Ceanothus americanus
  2. Galium aparine
  3. Iris versicolor
  4. Phytolacca americana
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2
Q

Artemisia annua (annual wormwood) constituents

A

Sesquiterpene lactones, volatile oils

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3
Q

Artemisia annua (annual wormwood) actions

A

Anti-parasitic, anti-microbial, anti-neoplastic, bitter

Art’s mom, Anna, is pretty bitter!! Who gets malaria, worms and cancer at the same time? (indications & actions: Bitter, antimicrobrial, antiparasitic, antineoplastic). Good thing she’s iron tough!! (Combine with iron for optimal efficiency)

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4
Q

Artemisia annua (annual wormwood) Indicatons

A

Malaria, parasitic infection, cancer- leukemia and colon cancer

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5
Q

Artemisia annua (annual wormwood) s/e

A

May cause allergies or contact dermatitis

Think of ring worm rash for contact dermatitis and allergy

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6
Q

Artemisia annua (annual wormwood) CI

A

Potentially pregnancy and lactation; allergy to Astraceae family

Art’s mom, Anna, is pretty bitter. Who gets malaria, worms and cancer all at the same time? Good thing she is iron tough and NOt pregnant (CI).

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7
Q

Artemisia annua (annual wormwood) interactions

A

Combine with iron for optimal efficiency

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8
Q

Baptisia tinctoria (Wild indigo) Constituents

A

Water – soluble polysaccharide: arabinogalactans. Glycoproteins. Quinolizidine alkaloids: cystein, sparteine. Isoflavonoids. Hydroxycoumarins: scopoletine

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9
Q

Baptisia tinctoria (Wild indigo) pharmacology

A

Ethanol extract has significant positive effect on the phagocytosis of human erythrocytes. That has been found to raise the leukocyte count and to improve the endogenous defense reaction. An animal experimentation, polysaccharide and glycoprotein fraction demonstrated immune stimulating effect. Changes in mice showed an increase of phagocytosis activity of Kupffer’s cells, significant, dose dependent stimulation of lymphocytes and release of interleukin – one macrophages. Antiviral effects have been shown when used in combination with echinacea and thuja.

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10
Q

Baptisia tinctoria (Wild indigo) Actions

A

Immune stimulant, antimicrobial, anti-catarrhal, alternative

The Baptist woman named TORI (tincTORIa) had some wildly (Wild indigo) huge infected boobs. It all started with several URTI’s and tons of mucus (immune stim and antimicrobial, anti-catarrhal). Her fever got so high she was delerius and exhausted but eventually returned to her self (alterative).

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11
Q

Baptisia tinctoria (Wild indigo) indications

A

Upper respiratory infections with catarrh, pharyngitis, tonsillitis, mastitis, delirium with fever, chronic fatigue.

The Baptist woman named TORI had some wildly huge infected boobs. It all started with several URTI’s and lots of mucus. Her fever got so high she was delerius and exhausted but eventually she returned to her normal self..

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12
Q

Baptisia tinctoria (Wild indigo) s/e

A

G.I. irritation – nausea, vomiting

Wild Tori likes to party but always gets nauseas and vomits

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13
Q

Baptisia tinctoria (Wild indigo) CI

A

Long – term use, high dose, pregnancy and lactation

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14
Q

Baptisia tinctoria (Wild indigo) interactions

A

N/A

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15
Q

Commiphora myrrha (Myrrh) Constituents

A

Resins, gums, volatile oil, triterpenes, mucilage

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16
Q

Commiphora myrrha (Myrrh) Actions

A

Antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, expectorant, antitussive

Com’on Mi PHORynx and Mouth hurts! (COM MI PHOR A Myrrh) And this damn cough makes me want honey but I can’t because it will mess with my diabetes. I guess I just have to suffer…myrrHA!!

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17
Q

Commiphora myrrha (Myrrh) indications

A

Inflammation of the mouth and pharynx for topical application. Used internally as an expectorant for coughs.

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18
Q

Commiphora myrrha (Myrrh) S/e

A

No health hazards reported with proper administration of therapeutic doses

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19
Q

Commiphora myrrha (Myrrh) CI

A

Not to be used during pregnancy and lactation

commiPhora for Pregnancy

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20
Q

Commiphora myrrha (Myrrh) Interactions

A

May potentiate insulin and hypoglycemic drugs – Metformin, glyburide, Rosiglitazone

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21
Q

Cordyceps sinensis (Catepillar fungus) Constituents

A

polysaccharides, unsaturated fatty acids, Oleic acid, linoleic fatty acids, amino acids

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22
Q

Cordyceps sinensis (Catepillar fungus) actions

A

Bronchodilator, antibiotic, anti-cancer

It’s a SIN if your SIS (SINenSIS) whips your husband with CORDs to try and treat his impotence from pancreatic cancer. When they get found out, he has an asthma attack and starts couging until he gets weak that you can stab him with a dirty knife right into his bones (protects bone marrow) where he bleeds out (anemia). You walk away thinking if the wound doesn’t kill him, the acute infection will!

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23
Q

Cordyceps sinensis (Catepillar fungus) Indications

A

Acute infection, anemia, protects bone marrow, fatigue, asthma, impotence, chronic cough, debility.

It’s a SIN if your SIS (SINenSIS) whips your husband with CORDs to try and treat his impotence from pancreatic cancer. When they get found out, he has an asthma attack and starts couging until he gets weak that you can stab him with a dirty knife right into his bones (protects bone marrow) where he bleeds out (anemia). You walk away thinking if the wound doesn’t kill him, the acute infection will!

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24
Q

Cordyceps sinensis (Catepillar fungus) s/e

A

Toxic doses: constipation, abdominal distention, or irregular menstruation, amenorrhea

Cordycep is a fungus- eat too much fungus will make your stomach bloat and constipation happens when you have SIFO.

Cordyceps may increase testosterone levels impacting menstruation

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25
Cordyceps sinensis (Catepillar fungus) CI
N/A
26
Cordyceps sinensis (Catepillar fungus) interactions
Potentiates epinephrine Your husband's **epinephrine** was spiked when he was getting whiped with CORDs by your SIS.
27
hypericum perforatum – St. John's wort constituents
Volatile oils; naphthodianthrones (hypericin); phloroglucinols (hyperforin), catechins; proanthocyananidins; flavonoids (rutin)
28
hypericum perforatum – St. John's wort pharmacology
Comparable to trycyclic and SSRI, but with fewer side effects. Dose is dependent on inhibition of reuptake for noradrenaline and serotonin (5– HTP) at presynaptic axon membrane. Hyperforin may increase serotonin, lower cortisol and act and GABA receptors. Has antibacterial and anti-viral effects. Suppresses inflammation, leukocyte infiltration of wounds.
29
hypericum perforatum – St. John's wort actions
Anti-inflammatory, astringent, Vulnerary, nervine, antimicrobial
30
hypericum perforatum – St. John's wort Indications
Depression, anxiety. Inflammation of the skin, wounds and burns. Blunt injuries
31
hypericum perforatum – St. John's wort s/e
High doses with exposure to UV light causes photo sensitivity rash, alopecia, diarrhea, indigestion, fatigue, depression, elevated liver enzymes
32
hypericum perforatum – St. John's wort CI
Suicidal ideation, high doses and pregnancy
33
hypericum perforatum – St. John's wort Interactions
Similar action to benzodiazepines (alprazolam, diazepam), tricyclic antidepressants (amitriptyline), may cause serotonin syndrome with SSRIs (fluoxetine), used to wean patients off MAOI's (phenelzine) potentiates antiretrovirals (zidovudine), antagonizes theophylline, cyclosporine, digoxin, warfarin. INDUCES CYP450 3A4
34
Larrea tridentata (Chaparral) Constituents
Lignans, resins, flavonoids
35
Larrea tridentata (Chaparral) actions
Anti-inflammatory, anti-allergy, anti-microbial, antioxidant, anti-neoplastic, anti-spasmodic, expectorant Larry (Larrea) and his buddies tried (trid) a Dave Chapparral (Chapparral) show where there were a lot of nice tata's (tridenTATA). Everyone drank lots of **strong tasting (s/e)** liquor that defintiely damages some livers which can lead to cancer. (**CI: Liver dz, s/e's: hepatotoxicity**). People were so drunk they all ended up sleeping with all the tata's. When they woke in the morning, they all had **herpes, infections and skin comlpaints**. There was lots of **nausea and vomiting (s/e)** with SOB (**respiratory problems**)
36
Larrea tridentata (Chaparral) Indications
Topical: herpes simplex, respiratory problems (poultice), skin complaints wash Internal: allergic rhinitis; cancer; infections caused by bacteria, yeast, larva, viruses, parasites Larry (Larrea) and his buddies tried (trid) a Dave Chapparral (Chapparral) show where there were a lot of nice tata's (tridenTATA). Everyone drank lots of **strong tasting** liquor that defintiely damages some livers and can cause **cancer** (**CI: Liver dz, s/e's: hepatotoxicity**). People were so drunk they all ended up sleeping with all the tata's. When they woke in the morning, they all had **herpes, infections** (Bacteria, yeast, larvae, viruses and parasites) and **skin comlpaints**. There was a lot of **nausea and vomiting** with SOB (**respiratory problems**) and runny noses (**rhinitis**).
37
Larrea tridentata (Chaparral) s/e
Strong taste, nausea, vomiting, jaundice, possibly hepatotoxicity. Possible contact dermatitis
38
Larrea tridentata (Chaparral) CI
Liver disease, topically on large areas of broken skin, pregnancy, lactation, high doses, long – term use
39
Larrea tridentata (Chaparral) Interactions
Caution with Hepatotoxic drugs, inhibits CYP 450
40
Ligusticum porteri (Osha) constituents
Alkaloids, saponins, phytosterols, essential oils
41
Ligusticum porteri (Osha) actions
Antimicrobial – infections in the respiratory tract. Antiviral, anti-septic. Stimulant, diaphoretic, carminative. Similar to lomatium dissectum.
42
Ligusticum porteri (Osha) indications
Remedy for upper and lower respiratory tract infections, including bronchitis, laryngitis. Viral infections – flu, fever, colds. Induces sweating I swallowed my linguini (ligusticum) mushroom portibella (porteri) down the wrong pipe which made me sweat (**diphoretic**). Apparently, if you get fungus in the lungs, you'll get a **lung infection with fever, flu or cold.** You'll need to **stimulate your immune system** to beat it!
43
Ligusticum porteri (Osha) s/e
N/A
44
Ligusticum porteri (Osha) CI
Not to be used during pregnancy
45
Ligusticum porteri (Osha) Interactions
N/A
46
Lomatium dissectum (indian balsam) Constituents
Sesquiterpenes, volatile oils
47
Lomatium dissectum (indian balsam) actions
antiviral, antibacterial, fungicidal. Immune stimulant. anti-tussive, expectorant
48
Lomatium dissectum (indian balsam) indications
Viral respiratory infection. cough, colds, bronchitis, influenza, pneumonia, TB
49
Lomatium dissectum (indian balsam) s/e
Photosensitization; self-limiting measles like rash caused by resin Don't lay your lo MAT in the sun. You'll burn and get red like a rash!
50
Lomatium dissectum (indian balsam) CI
Pregnancy. concurrent with UV therapy (skin rash)
51
Lomatium dissectum (indian balsam) Interactions
N/A
52
Melaleuca alternifolia (Tea Tree) constituents
Volatile oil: cineol (5%), terpinen-4-ol (40%), alpha-terpinene
53
Melaleuca alternifolia (Tea Tree) pharmacology
Tea tree causes auto lysis of bacteria during both exponential and stationary phase of bacterial cell growth. It's effectiveness on the skin may also be attributed to its lipophilic nature causing it to penetrate the skin surface. Minimum bactericidal concentrations are typically close to 0.25% and many skin products range from one percent to 10%. Concentrations of tea tree oil greater than 300 MCG/ML had cytotoxic affects on fibroblasts and epithelial cells. Its action on staphylococcus aureus is most likely a membrane associated event. Tea tree oil inhibits cellular respiration and causes potassium leakage on E. coli cells, suggesting that it is a membrane active antibiotic.
54
Melaleuca alternifolia (Tea Tree) actions
antifungal, antimicrobial, antiseptic, immune stimulant
55
Melaleuca alternifolia (Tea Tree) indications
Topical: dermatophytosis (athlete's foot), onychomycosis, acne, thrush, vaginitis Staphylococcal skin infection, wounds, insect bites
56
Melaleuca alternifolia (Tea Tree) s/e
Burning sensation
57
Melaleuca alternifolia (Tea Tree) CI
Over large areas of broken skin, internal use
58
Melaleuca alternifolia (Tea Tree) Interactions
N/A
59
Oleu europea (Olive tree) constituents
Olive oil: Chief fatty acids: oleic acid (56-83%), palmitic acid, linoleic acid. Sterols: beta-sitosterol. Tocopherols. Olive leaves: iridoid nonterpenes: oleoropine, oleoroside. Triterpenes: oleanolic acid, maslinic acid. Flavonoids, chalcones.
60
Oleu europea (Olive tree) actiosn
**_Oil:_** * cardiprotective, hypotensive, hypocholesterolemic, vasodilator * Emollient, cholagogue, mild laxitive, nutritive (healthy fats) **_Leaves:_** * Antimicrobial, antibacterial, antiviral, antipyretic, antifungal * hypotensive, hypoglycemic
61
Oleu europea (Olive tree) indications
**_Oil:_** * high cholesterol, arrhythmia, constipation * burns, bruises, sprains * pruritus, dry skin (with rosemary essential oil) * Carrier oil **_Leaves:_** * Viral infections with fever and chills * cystitis, hypertension, hyperglycemia
62
Oleu europea (Olive tree) s/e
GI distress, take after eating
63
Oleu europea (Olive tree) CI
gallstones
64
Oleu europea (Olive tree) interactions
May potentiate hypoglycemic drugs (Metformin, Glyburide, Rosiglitazone) and warfarin
65
Usnea barbata (old man's beard) constituents
Organic acids: usnic acid, barbatic acid
66
Usnea barbata (old man's beard) pharmacology
Usnic acid inhibits gram-positive bacteria, M tuberculum, pneumococcus, Streptococcus hemolyticus, Cornybacterium diptheriae
67
Usnea barbata (old man's beard) actions
antimicrobial, antifungal, antibacterial. Bitter
68
Usnea barbata (old man's beard) indications
infections
69
Usnea barbata (old man's beard) s/e
Hepatoxicity when using isolated usnic acid
70
Usnea barbata (old man's beard) CI and Internactions
n/a
71
Verbena officinalis (Vervain) constituents
Iridoid glycosides: verbanine, verbenaline. flavonoids, volatile oils, tannins
72
Verbena officinalis (Vervain) pharmacology
Diaphoretic, expectorant, galactagogue, emmenagogue, anti-periodic (prevention of commonly reoccurring symptoms). Vera Bena's entire pregnancy she has been so sick with a **sore throat** and can barely breath because of all the **mucus**. She is so huge- all her **joints are inflammed and hurt**. She is a hot mess and **sweating** like a fat pig. She thought once she had the baby she would return **back to normal (antiperiodic)** but then she had **no milk** (galactagogue) to breastfeed and her **period is scanty (emmenagogue)**.
73
Verbena officinalis (Vervain) indications
Fever with cold or flu. Elements of the oral and pharyngeal mucosa, such as sore throat and for disease of the respiratory tract can also be used externally as a gargle for cold symptoms Vervain is also used for antipyretic treatment of skin disease and minor topical burns, and for arthritis, rheumatism, dislocations and contusions.
74
Verbena officinalis (Vervain) s/es and interactions
N/A
75
Verbena officinalis (Vervain) CI
Not to be used during pregnancy
76
Astragulus membranaceus (Astragulus, Huang-Qi) Constituents
Triterpene glycoside, saponins, sterols, fatty acids, isoflavonoid compounds, animo acids, polysaccharides
77
Astragulus membranaceus (Astragulus, Huang-Qi) Actions
Adaptogen, immune modulator, antibaterial, antiviral, hepatoprotective, cardioprotective, hypoglycemic
78
Astragulus membranaceus (Astragulus, Huang-Qi) indications
Deep immune system, allergies, respiratory infections. Cancer
79
Astragulus membranaceus (Astragulus, Huang-Qi) s/e
May increase fibrin formation
80
Astragulus membranaceus (Astragulus, Huang-Qi) CI
autoimmune disease
81
Astragulus membranaceus (Astragulus, Huang-Qi) interactions
potentiates acyclovir, interferon -1 and -2, may antagonize croticosteroids (hydrocortisone, prednisone, dexamethoasone) theoretical: reduce absorption of drugs due to action of polysaccharides
82
Echinacea species (Purple cone flower) constituents
Alklamides, caffeic acid derivatives, polysaccharides, volatile oils
83
Echinacea species (Purple cone flower) actions
immune stimulant, anti-inflammatory, anti-mcirobial/bacterial/viral Stimulates phagocytosis, activates macrophages vulnerary (healing of wounds), alterative
84
Echinacea species (Purple cone flower) indications
Influenza, upper respiratory tract infection, pharyngitis, tonsillitis – gargle, staphylococcus skin infection, vaginitis, mastitis, wounds, skin ulcer, acne, chronic skin disease, cancer, mild bacterial infection.
85
Echinacea species (Purple cone flower) s/e
n/a
86
Echinacea species (Purple cone flower) CI
Allergy to asteracea family; TB, MS, AIDS, HIV, autoimmune disease, possibly long term use.
87
Echinacea species (Purple cone flower) interactions
May antagonize immune suppression therapy: adalimumab cyclosporine, corticosteroids – hydrocortisone, prednisone, dexamethasone.
88
Eleutherococcus senticosus (Siberian Ginseng) constituents
Phenylpropanoid, triterpenoid saponins, glycosides, polysaccharides, coumarins
89
Eleutherococcus senticosus (Siberian Ginseng) actions
Adaptogen, immune modulator, adrenal support
90
Eleutherococcus senticosus (Siberian Ginseng) indications
Pharyngitis, tonsillitis, infection, fatigue, hypoadrenaocorticism. Lack of stamina, tendency to infection
91
Eleutherococcus senticosus (Siberian Ginseng) s/e
N/A
92
Eleutherococcus senticosus (Siberian Ginseng) CI
Long term use, acute infections, hypertension above 180/90 MM Hg
93
Eleutherococcus senticosus (Siberian Ginseng) Interactions
Antagonize immune suppression therapy: adalimumab, cyclosporine, corticosteroids – hydrocortisone, prednisone, dexamethasone.
94
Ganoderma lucidum (Reishi) constituents
Polysaccharides and beta-glucans, ergosterol, triterpenes, oleic acid
95
Ganoderma lucidum (Reishi) actions
Deep immune activation, adaptogen, nervine, hypotensive. Anti-allergenic, antibacterial, anti-cancer, antioxidant, antithrmbotic
96
Ganoderma lucidum (Reishi) indications
Allergies, bronco asthma, sinus issues. Hypertension, insomnia, atherosclerosis
97
Ganoderma lucidum (Reishi) s/e
Darkened stool, diarrhea alleviated by vitamin C coadministration
98
Ganoderma lucidum (Reishi) CI
Organ transplants and auto immune disorders
99
Ganoderma lucidum (Reishi) interactions
Antagonizes immunosuppressants. Increases sleeping time induced by sedative medication (zolpidem). Caution with anticoagulants and cholesterol lowering drugs statins
100
Glycyrrhiza glabra (licorice) constituents
Triterpene glycosides: glycyrrhizin. Flavonoids, polysaccharides, volatile oils
101
Glycyrrhiza glabra (licorice) actions
Adaptogen, phytoestrogen, hepato-protective, expectorant, anti-inflammatory, demulcent, antiviral, antibacterial – H pylori
102
Glycyrrhiza glabra (licorice) indications
* Cough/bronchitis, catarrh of upper respiratory tract * Gastric/duodenal ulcers, sore throat, chronic gastritis * Appendicitis, constipation, increase milk production * Adrenocorticoid insufficiency, insomnia
103
Glycyrrhiza glabra (licorice) s/e
May lead to pseudo aldosteronism –fatigue, edema, weight loss, hypertension, rhabdomyolysis, kidney failure, hypokalemia, encephalopathy; reduces thyroid activity.
104
Glycyrrhiza glabra (licorice) CI
Hypertension, hyper aldosteronism, cirrhosis, hepatitis, CHF, diabetes, pregnancy, long-term use
105
Glycyrrhiza glabra (licorice) Interactiosn
Potentiates cardiac glycosides – digoxin, convallaria, digitalis, Leonurus; corticosteroids – hydrocortisone, prednisone, dexamethasone; avoid hypokalemic drugs: diuretics furosemide, hydrochlorothiazide; antiarrhythmics – Atenolol, propranolol, amiodarone; pseudoephedrine, protects against mucosal damage from aspirin
106
Ligustrum lucidum (Chinese privet) constituents
Oeanolic acid, flavonoids
107
Ligustrum lucidum (Chinese privet) actions
Adaptogen, immune modulator, anti-inflammatory, hypolipidemic
108
Ligustrum lucidum (Chinese privet) indications
Infection, hypercholesterolemia, hepatitis, adjunct to chemotherapy -protects marrow
109
Ligustrum lucidum (Chinese privet) s/e and CI
n/a
110
Ligustrum lucidum (Chinese privet) interactions
May antagonize immune suppression therapy: adalimumab, cyclosporine, corticosteroids – hydrocortisone, prednisone dexamethasone.
111
Panax ginseng (korean ginseng) panax quinquefolius (american ginseng) constituents
Saponin glycosides, polysaccharids, volatile oils
112
Panax ginseng (korean ginseng) panax quinquefolius (american ginseng) actions
Adaptogen, vulnerary, anti-tumor, hypoglycemic, phytoestrogen, Yang tonic (P gins), Yin tonic (P quin)
113
Panax ginseng (korean ginseng) panax quinquefolius (american ginseng) indications
Pharyngitis, tonsillitis, cancer, infection, possible autoimmune disease, male infertility, fatigue, stress, diabetes, hyper estrogen ism, hypo estrogen ism, opiate withdrawal – codeine, hydrocodone, morphine, oxycodone, methadone.
114
Panax ginseng (korean ginseng) panax quinquefolius (american ginseng) s/e
Nostalgia, postmenopausal bleeding, ginseng abuse syndrome: euphoria, diarrhea, nervousness, insomnia, I hypertension, skin eruption's.
115
Panax ginseng (korean ginseng) panax quinquefolius (american ginseng) CI
Hypertension, hemorrhage, asthma, anxiety, depression, psoriasis, long-term use, high doses, pregnancy.
116
Panax ginseng (korean ginseng) panax quinquefolius (american ginseng) Interactions
May potentiate caffeine, MAOI' S (phenelzine), morphine, insulin and hypoglycemic drugs (Metformin, glyburide, Rosiglitazone), immune drugs: amoxicillin, zidovudine, 5-fluorouracil, flu vaccine, paclitaxel, tamoxifen, doxorubicin, methotrexate. May antagonize warfarin, immune suppression therapy: adalimumab, cyclosporine, corticosteroids – hydrocortisone, prednisone, dexamethasone
117
Schisandra chinensis (Shisandra) constituents
Volatile oil, ascorbic acid, lignans, fatty oil
118
Schisandra chinensis (Shisandra) actions
Adaptogen, hepato-protective, stimulant, sedative, expectorant, antitussive, sexual tonic
119
Schisandra chinensis (Shisandra) indications
Chronic hepatitis, liver damage fatigue, physical stress debility, depression, insomnia, liver detoxification
120
Schisandra chinensis (Shisandra) S/e
N/a
121
Schisandra chinensis (Shisandra) CI
Epilepsy, severe hypertension, intracranial pressure
122
Schisandra chinensis (Shisandra) Interactions
Potentiates barbiturates – phenobarbital; decreases acetaminophen hepatotoxicity, inhibits CYP 450, use for withdrawal from benzodiazepines alprazolam, diazepam; opiates – codeine, Hydro codeine, morphine, oxycodone, methadone.
123
Withania somnifera (ashwagandha) constituents
Steroidal lactones: withanolides. alkaloids, iron
124
Withania somnifera (ashwagandha) actions
Adaptogen (withanolides), immune modulator, hypotensive, sedative, enhances cognition
125
Withania somnifera (ashwagandha) indications
Chronic stress, chronic inflammation, insomnia, nervous exhaustion, asthma, bronchitis, infection, anxiety, low libido due to exhaustion, opiate withdrawal (codeine, hydrocodone, morphine, oxycodone, methadone.)
126
Withania somnifera (ashwagandha) s/e
n/a
127
Withania somnifera (ashwagandha) CI
pregnancy
128
Withania somnifera (ashwagandha) interactions
Potentiates barbiturates ( phenobarbitol), epileptics (diazepam), may antagonize immune suppresion therapy: adalimumab, cyclosporine, corticosteroids (hydrocortisone, prednisone, dexamethosone).
129
Ceanothus americanus (New Jersey tea) constituents
Cyclic peptide alkaloids, triterpenes: ceanothusic acid, ceanothenic acid
130
Ceanothus americanus (New Jersey tea) pharmacology
Tannins have an astringent effect from rat studies where the herb reduce blood clotting time by 25%. Results are difficult to assess to extrapolate to its application in human studies. The herbs useful as an astringent, expectorant and anti-spasmodic.
131
Ceanothus americanus (New Jersey tea) actions
Astringent, antispasmodic, splenic tone. hypotensive, sedative, expectorant
132
Ceanothus americanus (New Jersey tea) indicaitons
Fatty liver, hepatitis, splenomegaly, lymphadenopathy, bronchitis, asthma, cough, dysentery, G.I. bleeding, skin irritation and sores.
133
Ceanothus americanus (New Jersey tea) s/e and CI
n/a
134
Ceanothus americanus (New Jersey tea) interactions
May antagonize anticoagulants
135
Galium aparine (cleavers) constituents
Iridois monoterpenes: asperuloside. Benzyl isoquinoline alkaloids: protopine. Quinazoline alkaloids, flavonoids
136
Galium aparine (cleavers) actions
diuretic, anti-nodluar
137
Galium aparine (cleavers) indications
Used externally and ulcers, festering glands, lumps in the breast and skin rashes. Also used for lower UTI, urolithiasis, lymphadenitis
138
Galium aparine (cleavers) s/e, CI, interactions
N/a
139
Iris versicolor (blue flag) constituents
Triterpenoids, resins, oleoresins, essential oils, tannins
140
Iris versicolor (blue flag) actions
lymphatic alterative, cholagogue
141
Iris versicolor (blue flag) indications
Blue flag is used in the treatment of skin disease like eczema and psoriasis; works mainly in the liver for detoxification. Indicated for enlarged thyroid and or lymphatic enlargement that is soft without pain or very little pain (check thyroid panel).
142
Iris versicolor (blue flag) s/e, CI, interactions
N/A
143
Phytolacca Americana (poke root) constituents
Lectins, lignans, triterpne saponins, tannins, betacyans
144
Phytolacca Americana (poke root) actions
alterative, lymphatic, antiviral, saponins have the emetic (vomiting) effect
145
Phytolacca Americana (poke root) indications
Supports cleansing of the lymphatic glands, may be seen as a remedy for infections of the upper respiratory tract – Catarrh, tonsillitis, laryngitis, swollen glands and mumps. May be applied topically for mastitis.
146
Phytolacca Americana (poke root) s/e
In large doses, poke is powerful emetic and purgative
147
Phytolacca Americana (poke root) CI
Pregnancy, long-term use during lactation, high doses
148
Phytolacca Americana (poke root) Interactions
n/a

NPLEX2 Botanicals (12 decks)

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