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DIL Subjects > Botany (Flowers) > Flashcards

Botany (Flowers) Flashcards

(89 cards)

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1
Q

Stigma

A

Slightly enlarged tip of the style on which pollen is deposited at pollination

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2
Q

Style

A

a long and thin filament that serves as a passageway for pollen grains to move from the stigma to the ovary

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3
Q

Ovary

A

a swollen basal part of a pistil which carries the ovule or eggs (yellow); where fertilized eggs develop

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4
Q

Carpel (Gynoecium)

A

The female reproductive part of a flower. It is collectively known as the Pistil.

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5
Q

If Carpel (Gynoecium) has a signle carpel

A

Monocarpous

Unicarpellate

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6
Q

If Carpel (Gynoecium) has multiple, distinct (free, unfused) carpels

A

Apocarpous

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7
Q

If a gynoecium has multiple carpels fused (connate) into a single structure

A

Syncarpous

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8
Q

Anther

A

where pollens are formed

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9
Q

Filament

A

a stalk holding the pollen at the tip

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10
Q

Stamen (Androecium)

A

the male reproductive part of a flower

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11
Q

Petal (Corolla)

A

the innermost whorl surrounding the flowers reproductive parts. It is usually brightly colored to attract pollinators

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12
Q

Two parts of a Stamen

A

Anther and Filament

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13
Q

Two parts of a floral envelope or Perianth

A

Petal and Sepal

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14
Q

Receptacle (torus)

A

thickened part of a stem from which the flower grows

found at the tip of the peduncle and is usually swollen

Can form four types of modified leaves: sepals, petals, stamens, and carpels.

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15
Q

Peduncle

A

a stalk supporting the flower

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16
Q

Two parts of a floral stalk

A

receptacle and peduncle

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17
Q

Day blooming flowers are generally:

A

brightly colored

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18
Q

Night blooming flowers are generally:

A

white, creamy or yellowish

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19
Q

Flower with fragrant odor

A

Ilang Ilang (Cananga odorata)

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20
Q

Flower with stinky odor

A

Corpse flower (Amorphophallus titanum)

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21
Q

Complete Flowers

A

when the four main parts (petal sepal, stamen and carpe) are present

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22
Q

Incomplete

A

when one or more of the main parts are not present

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23
Q

Perfect flowers

A

contain both stamen and carpel

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24
Q

Bisexual or Hermaphroditic flowers

A

Perfect Flowers

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25
Imperfect flowers
only have either stamen or carpel
26
Unisexual Flowers
Imperfect Flowers
27
Pistillate flower
an imperfect flower with only the carpel or pistil
28
Staminate
an imperfect flower with only the stamen
29
Monoecious
imperfect flower where both male and female flowers are found on the same plant
30
Dioecious
imperfect flowers are born on separate plants
31
Polygamous
perfect and imperfect flowers are found in a single plant
32
Regular Flower
When the members of each set of organs (Sepals, petals, stamen and carpels) are of the same size and shape.
33
Irregular flowers
When some members of one or more sets of organs are different in size or shape or both.
34
Irregular flower types:
Papilionaceous Caesalpinaceous Bilabiate Orchidaceous
35
Papilonaceous contain
Standard Petal or Banner Wings or Alae Keels or Carinae
36
Standard Petal or Banner
Outermost and the largest part of the flower
37
Wings or Alae
Two lateral petals
38
Keels or Carinae
Two innermost and smallest petal
39
Caesalpinacious contain
Wings Banner Keel
40
Bilabiate contain
upper lip and lower liip
41
Orchidaceous contain
Sepals - three outermost whorl Petals - two outermost wholr Lip or Labellum - also a petal but with a different shape and size
42
Connation
when like parts are fused or united
43
Adnation
when unlike parts are fused
44
Regular Flower
When the members of each set of organs (Sepals, petals, stamen and carpels) are of the same size and shape.
45
Irregular flowers
When some members of one or more sets of organs are different in size or shape or both.
46
Irregular flower types:
Papilionaceous Caesalpinaceous Bilabiate Orchidaceous
47
Papilonaceous contain
Standard Petal or Banner Wings or Alae Keels or Carinae
48
Standard Petal or Banner
Outermost and the largest part of the flower
49
Wings or Alae
Two lateral petals
50
Keels or Carinae
Two innermost and smallest petal
51
Caesalpinacious contain
Wings Banner Keel
52
Bilabiate contain
upper lip and lower liip
53
Orchidaceous contain
Sepals - three outermost whorl Petals - two outermost wholr Lip or Labellum - also a petal but with a different shape and size
54
Connation
when like parts are fused or united
55
Adnation
when unlike parts are fused
56
Monocot
flower parts are in 3's or in multiples of 3's
57
Dicot
flower parts are in 4's or 5's or in multiples of 4's or 5's
58
Actinomorphic
Radial Symmetry
59
Zygomorphic
bilateral symmetry
60
Radial Symmetry
flowers can be divided into 2 equal halves along any plane
61
Bilateral symmetry
divided into 2 equal halves only by a medial cut through the central axis
62
Superior or Hypogynous ovary position
Sepals and petals are attached below the ovary
63
Half superior/half inferior or Perigynous
The sepals and petals are attached at the side of the ovary
64
Different types of Inflorescence
``` Spike Raceme Panicle Corymb Cyme Umbel Spadix Catkin/Ament Fascicle Head/Capitate ```
65
Placentae
places where the ovules are attached in the ovary
66
Placentation
arrangement of placentae inside the ovary
67
Different types of Placentation
Axile Parietal Marginal Basal
68
Types of Symmetry
Actinomorphic | Zygomorphic
69
Types of Imperfect flowers
Monoecious Dioecious Polygamous
70
Flowers
Modified twigs adapted primarily for reproduction, which ultimately forms the fruit and the seed.
71
Axile
The placentae are found at the central axis of a compound ovary
72
Parietal
the placentae are found on the wall of a compound ovary
73
Marginal
The placentae are located on the wall of a single ovary. A single ovary has one chamber of locule
74
Basal
The placentae with a single ovule is found more or less at the base of the ovary
75
Inflorescence
Flower clusters
76
Different types of Inflorescence
``` Spike Raceme Panicle Corymb Cyme Umbel Spadix Catkin/Ament Fascicle Head/Capitate ```
77
Spike
an inflorescence has an elongated axis with sessile (without pedicel) florets.
78
Raceme
The elongated axis is unbranched. The flowers are provided with stalks or pedicles of equal lengths and are called pedicellate flowers.
79
Panicle
The elongated axis is branched. Flowers are pedicellate, opening all at the same time.
80
Corymb
Has more or less flat convex top because of the pedicels bearing the outer, older flowers are longer than the younger flowers at the center.
81
Cyme
This infloresence is similar to a corymb except that the inner pedicelled flowers open first
82
Umbel
Axis is short so that all the pedicellate flowers radiate from the apex of the axis
83
Spadix
fleshy spike bearing both male and female flowers, surrounded by a petaloid bract called the spathe.
84
Catkin/ament
Special type of spike which is hanging or drooping. The flowers are usually unisexual.
85
Fascicle
pedicelled or sessile flowers are crowded at one side of the stem
86
Head/Capitate
similar to umbel but the flowers are sessile. Usually the flowers are of two kinds: the disc flower at the center and the ray flowers at the margin
87
Latin word for Petals
Petalum "to spread out"
88
Latin word for Sepals
Sepalum "covering"
89
Sepals
Usually a green leaf like structure that froms the outermost floral whorl; it protects the inner parts of the flower before it opens. Sepals are together known as the calyx and can be fused

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