Botany Seeds

Question 1

Seed

Answer 1

Product of the ripened ovule.
Nourishment of the embryo, dispersal to a new location, and dormancy during unfavorable conditions.
Fundamentally are a means of reproduction

Question 2

Endosperm

Answer 2

Nutritive tissue formed at some point in development of all flowering plant seeds

Question 3

Cotyledon

Answer 3

Seed leaf of a plant embryo that often contains food stored for germination

Question 4

Two types of Nutritive tissue

Answer 4

Endosperm and Cotyledons

Question 5

A mature seed contains

Answer 5

a young plant embryo

Question 6

Seed Coat

Answer 6

Protective covering of the seed

Question 7

Mature flowering plant embryo consists of

Answer 7

Radicle
Hypocotyl
1-2 cotyledons
plumule (epicotyl)

Question 8

Wind Dispersal

Answer 8

Calyx modified into plume

Question 9

Fleshy Fruits:

Answer 9

All of most of the ovary wall (pericarp) is soft or fleshy at maturity

Question 10

Berry

Answer 10

Entire pericarp is fleshy, although skin is sometimes tough; may be one or many seeded. (Ex. tomato, papaya, pomegranate, sapote, persimmon, guava, banana and avocado.

Question 11

Pericarp

Answer 11

Ovary Wall

Question 12

Percarp (Ovary wall) consists of

Answer 12

Esocarp
Mesocarp
Endocarp

Question 13

Pepo

Answer 13

Berry with a hard, thick rind; typical fruit of the gourd family (Cucurbitaceae). (Ex. watermelon, cucumber, squash, cantaloupe, and pumpkin.

Question 14

Hesperidium

Answer 14

Berry with a leathery rind and parchment-like partitions between sections; typical fruit of the citrus family (Rutaceae). (Ex. orange, lemon, grapefruit, tangelo and kumquat)

Question 15

Drupe

Answer 15

Fleshy fruit with hard inner layer (endocarp or stone) surrounding the seed. (Ex. Peach, plum, nectarine, apricot, cherry, olive, mango and almond)

Question 16

Accessory Fruit - Pome

Answer 16

Ovary or core surrounded by edible, fleshy part develops from the receptacle. This is typical fruit of certain members of the rose family including apple, pear.

Question 17

Pericarp

Answer 17

dry at maturity

Question 18

Dehiscent Dry Fruit

Answer 18

Pericarp splits open along definite seams.

Question 19

Legume

Answer 19

an elongate “bean pod” splitting along two seams; typical fruit of the third largest plant family, the legume family.

Question 20

Samara

Answer 20

Small, winged, one-seeded fruit, usually produced in clusters on trees. (ex. maple: a double samara, ash, elm, and tree of heaven.)

Question 21

Samara (additional info)

Answer 21

Samaras resemble the winged seeds of a pine but they are truly one seeded fruits with a pericarp layer surrounding the seed. The samaras spin as they sail through the air, an effective method of dispersal.

Question 22

Capsules

Answer 22

dry fruit that release seed through pores or by multiple seams. (ex. poppies, iris, lilies)

Question 23

Follicle

Answer 23

a single ripened ovary (representing a single modified leaf or carpel) that splits open along one seam. The follicle may occur singly (as in milkweed) or in clusters.

Question 24

Oleander

Answer 24

Two

Question 25

Peony

Answer 25

2-5

Question 26

Larkspur

Answer 26

3

Question 27

Columbine

Answer 27

5

Question 28

bottle tree, Sterculia, Brachychiton

Answer 28

4-5

Question 29

Indehiscent Dry Fruits

Answer 29

Pericarp does not split open.

These fruits usually contain only one seed.

Question 30

Achene

Answer 30

very small, one-seeded fruit, usually produced in clusters. (ex. sunflower, buttercup, and sycamore._

Question 31

Grain or Caryopsis

Answer 31

a very small, dry, one-seeded, indehiscent fruit in which the actual seed coat is completely fused to the ovary wall or pericarp.

Question 32

Bran

Answer 32

Outer pericarp layer or husk

Question 33

Germ

Answer 33

Inner seed layer

Question 34

Schizocarp

Answer 34

small dry fruit composed of two or more sections that break apart

Question 35

Nut

Answer 35

larger one-seeded fruit with very hard pericarp, usually enclosed in a husk or cup like involucre (ex. acorn, chestnut, hazlenut or filbert, walnut.

Question 36

Acorn

Answer 36

actual nut sits in a cup shaped involucre of imbricate scales

Question 37

Chestnut
Beech
Chinquapin

Answer 37

One more more nuts sit in a spiny, cup shaped involucre

Question 38

Hazlenut or Filbert

Answer 38

Nut sits in a leafy or tubular involucre

Question 39

Walnut and pecan

Answer 39

are placed in the drupe category above, although some botanits maintain that they are tree nuts.

Question 40

Aggregate Fruit

Answer 40

Many ovaries derived from a single flower
Fruit that develops from a single flower with many separate ovaries
Several separate carpels fuse, or grow together

Question 41

Multiple Fruit

Answer 41

develop from many individual flowers on an inflorescence. As the individual fruit grow they fuse together.

Question 42

Multiple Fruit

Answer 42

Fruit that develops from many ovaries of many flowers growing in proximity on a common axis
Carpels of closelely associated flowers fuse, or grow together (ex. pineapple)