Roots

Question 1

Primary growth

Answer 1

Dicot root tip

Question 2

Cells are continuously added

Answer 2

Root cap

Question 3

Root tip contains

Answer 3

Root cap
Quiescent center
Sub apical region

Question 4

Where do root cap cells come from

Answer 4

Root cap meristem that pushes cells forward into cap region

Question 5

Root cap cells secrete

Answer 5

Mucigel

Question 6

Mucigel aids in

Answer 6

protection of the root by preventing desiccation

Question 7

Quiescent Center is also known as

Answer 7

“to rest”

Question 8

Quiescent center

Answer 8

a region of inactive cells that function to replace the meristematic ells of the rootcap meristem

Question 9

Root cap

Answer 9

Is a protective cover; its cells are replaced constantly because they are soon ground off

Question 10

Zone of cell elongation

Answer 10

where cells become longer and more specialized.

Question 11

What does zone of cell division contain

Answer 11

meristematic tissue. It adds cells to root tip and zone of elongation

Question 12

Zone of differentiation

Answer 12

cells are mature and differentiated and it has root hairs

Question 13

Sub apical region from top to bottom

Answer 13

Zone of Cell Differentiation
Zone of Cell Elongation
Zone of Cell Division
Root Cap

Question 14

Root hairs project this far out into the soil

Answer 14

5-8 mm

Question 15

Cortex

Answer 15

layer of large, thin-walled, irregularly shapped parenchyma cells. Cells are loosely packed; water and minerals can difuse through cortex without entering cells.

Question 16

What does cortex contain?

Answer 16

Starch granules; which function in food storage.

Question 17

Endodermis

Answer 17

forms boundry between cortex and inner vascular cylinder. Regulates entrance of minerals into vascular cylinder

Question 18

Casparian strip

Answer 18

closely fit cells that borders the endodermis on four sides.

Question 19

Casparian strip is

Answer 19

impermeable layer made of lignin and subernin that excludes water and mineral ions

Question 20

Endodermal cells

Answer 20

provides only access to vascular bundles

Question 21

Pericycle

Answer 21

First layer of cells within vascular cylinder that can start development of branch or secondary roots

Question 22

Vascular Cylinder

Answer 22

arrangement of vascular tissues as a cylinder

Question 23

Monocot roots

Answer 23

do not undergo secondary growth.
has ring of vascular bundles
contains pith

Question 24

Dicot Roots

Answer 24

star shaped vascular bundle

does not contain pith

Question 25

Three root types

Answer 25

Taproot
Fibrous root
Adventitous root

Question 26

Taproot

Answer 26

common in dicots
first/primary root grows straight down and remains dominant
often fleshy and adapted to store food (carrots)

Question 27

Fibrous Root system

Answer 27

found in monocots

mass of slender roots and lateral branches that hold soil

Question 28

Adventitious root

Answer 28

develop from underground stems or from base of above ground stems

Question 29

Prop roots

Answer 29

main function is to anchor a plant (corn and mangrove plants)

Question 30

Pneumatophores

Answer 30

project above the water from roots to acquire oxygen

Question 31

Ivy

Answer 31

contains holdfast roots to anchor aerial shoots

Question 32

Legumes

Answer 32

have root nodules containing nitrogen-fixing bacteria. often planted to bolster nitrogen supply of soil

Question 33

What is the function of bacteria within nodules

Answer 33

They extract nitrogen from air to reduce it to a form that can be used by plant tissues.

Question 34

Mycorrhizae

Answer 34

fungus roots. it is a mutualism that receives sugars and amino acids from the plant, but gives minerals and water to the plant

Question 35

Haustoria

Answer 35

root like projections of stems of parasitic plants. They grow into the host plant and contact vascular tissue from which they extract water and nutrients.

Question 36

Aerial roots

Answer 36

usually grows in epiphytes
(absorbs water from air)
(In corm, acts as a stabalizer)

Question 37

Adventitious Climbing Root

Answer 37

Anchors plant to vertical surface

Question 38

Buttres roots

Answer 38

stabalizes tropical trees

Question 39

Pneumataphore

Answer 39

air root