Bovine Nervous System Flashcards
(71 cards)
What are the 2 collection sites
for CSF in the cow?
Cistern magna (3.5 in spinal needle under GA)
Lumbosacral (6 - 9 inch spinal needle with local anesthesia)
What is the etiology of
Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy in the US?
Cows from Canada that were being fed animal proteins,
disease originated in the UK in the 1980s
What is the causative agent of
Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy?
Prion
This reportable disease is characterized by
an incubation period of
months to years; a transmissible, slowly progressive
CNS disease that looks similar to Scrapie in the sheep.
It is caused by a prion and may have come about
by feeding animal proteins to cows.
Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy
What is the earliest clinical sign of
Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy?
Flicking ears, twitching eyelids and nose
What is the characteristic stance seen in
cows with Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy?
Hind feet far under the body (=proprioceptive issues),
base wide stance, weakness in rear legs
What clinical signs do you see in an
animal with
Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy?
Incoordination, excess salivation,
exaggerated responses to auditory stimuli and light!
Weakness in rear legs, base wide stance or
hind legs far under body
How is Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy diagnosed?
IHC or Western Blot (can be done on a live animal)
What is responsible for the spread and exposure to
Rabies?
Wild animals- skunk, fox, rabbit
What states in the US are endemic for Rabies?
New York, Connecticut
What is the incubation period for Rabies?
3 weeks to 3 months
What forms of Rabies exists in the bovine,
and which is most common?
Paralytic Form (most common)
Dumb Form
Furious Form
A cow in the NE United States is displaying
hypersexuality and bellowing. Bloat and tenesmus
are noted on PE. Owner says she has charged him
and other cows a few times which is abnormal for her.
4 days after getting the call about this cow,
she died from convulsions.
What is your top differential?
Rabies (Furious form)
A cow is severely depressed and has not been eating.
Owner has noticed a droopy eyelid (ptosis),
and the cow has been grinding her teeth.
The owner has called because the signs have
gotten worse rapidly over 3 days.
Now, the cow is dribbling urine and seems to be blind.
Owner mentions that when he was out in the field where the cows are kept, he noticed some skunks, and a few cows had been sprayed.
What is your top differential?
Rabies (Dumb form)
A cow is all of a sudden ataxic and lame.
The owner first noticed signs 3 days ago and now she’s
recumbent.
When you got there, she was thrashing and displaying
convulsions.
What is your primary ddx?
Rabies (Paralytic form)
How is Rabies diagnosed?
FAT test, and by identification of
Negri bodies in the brain
T/F:
Rabies is a core vaccine for Bovines
FALSE
We only vax cows in endemic areas
What is the causative agent of Pseudorabies?
neurotropic Herpesvirus
(mostly seen in pigs, not cows)
Pseudorabies in cows most resembles this
other condition, although
sudden death may be the presenting complaint
Nervous ketosis, acute encephalitis
In cows, Pseudorabies presents as a neurological disease,
but in pigs, it is primarily a ______ disease
respiratory
How is Pseudorabies prevented in cows?
KEEP CATTLE AWAY FROM SWINE
Sporadic Bovine Encephalomyelitis
is also known as
BUSS Disease
What is the causative agent of
Sporadic Bovine Encephalomyelitis (Buss Disease)?
Chlamydia
How is Sporadic Bovine Encephalomyelitis (Buss Disease)
treated in cattle?
OXYTETRACYCLINE
