Swine Nutrition

Question 1

_____% of the total cost of swine production is FEED

Answer 1

65 - 70%

Question 2

What are the 4 factors influencing effectiveness of feeding programs?

Answer 2

Stage of Life Cycle

Non-nutritive additives

Proper feed processing

Storage

Question 3

These 2 crops can be mixed together and make a great

ration for pigs

Answer 3

Corn meal and Soybean meal

Corn = ENERGY

Soybean = PROTEIN/Amino Acids

Question 4

Pigs do NOT have a _______ requirement;

Instead, they have an amino acid and nitrogen source requirement

Answer 4

protein

Question 5

This amino acid is known as the limiting amino acid.

Need to meet the requirements for this, and the rest

of the essential amino acids are given in proportion to this.

Answer 5

LYSINE

Question 6

Essential amino acids in pigs include

these 9

Answer 6

Lysine

Leucine, Isoleucine

Valine

Tryptophan

Threonine, Methionine

Phenylalanine

Histidine

Question 7

______ is the only synthetic amino acid that is price competitive

Answer 7

Lysine (the limiting aa)

Question 8

_________ sources are the most expensive part of swine diets

Answer 8

Protein sources (soybean meal)

Question 9

This organization represents the requirements for

normal growth

Answer 9

National Research Council

Question 10

Feed companies often exceed recommendations by the

National Research Council by

____% of a safety factor

Answer 10

10%

Question 11

Which fat soluble vitamins are required in pig diets?

Answer 11

A, D, E, K

Question 12

Which water soluble vitamins are required in pig diets?

Answer 12

B, C

Question 13

Which fatty acids are required in pig diets?

Answer 13

Only linoleic acid is required

Question 14

This is the most overlooked nutrient in swine production

Answer 14

WATER

Question 15

Pigs need _______ of water for every 1lb of feed consumed

Answer 15

4 lbs!

If no water, pigs will not eat feed

Question 16

What are the non-nutrient feed additives important in pig feed?

Answer 16

Antibiotics, Probiotics

Anthelminthics, Copper Sulfate

Phytase enzyme- help break down phosphorus in soybean meal

Question 17

What are the life phases in pigs

that require differing nutrients and feed?

Answer 17

Starter phase

Grower and Finisher phase

Gestating Females

Boars

Question 18

In regards to feed and life stages:

This is the most expensive and complex phase

Answer 18

Starter phase

Question 19

Piglets are weaned at _____ weeks old

Answer 19

Piglets are weaned at 3 weeks old

Question 20

In regards to feed and life stages:

When do pigs need to be placed on starter feed?

Answer 20

When they are weaned at 3 weeks old (19 - 21 days)

Question 21

T/F:

Newly weaned piglets cannot consume enough feed to

meet their energy needs for protein deposition

Answer 21

TRUE

Question 22

In regards to feed and life stages:

Starter phase diets need to be

high in these 3 categories

Answer 22

High in LACTOSE, FAT, and PROTEIN

Question 23

T/F:

Keep all pigs being switched to starter diets in the same litter

as to prevent fighting

Answer 23

True

Question 24

In regards to feed and life stages:

What are the 2 most important components to the

Grower and Finisher Phase?

Answer 24

Keeping temperature in the ideal range

Limit physical stress

Question 25

In regards to feed and life stages: What is the ideal temperature range for pigs in the Grower and Finisher Phase?

Answer 25

70 - 75F

Question 26

In regards to feed and life stages: With temperatures ________ in the Grower and Finisher Phase, feed intake is limited so a nutrient *dense* diet is recommended

Answer 26

Above **85F**

Question 27

In regards to feed and life stages: With temperatures ________ in the Grower and Finisher Phase, you do NOT want to increase *fat* consumption, but you may want to increase *fiber* consumption

Answer 27

Below 70F

Question 28

In regards to feed and life stages: The Growing Phase lasts until the pig is _____ lbs. The Finishing Phase lasts until the pig is ______ lbs.

Answer 28

In regards to feed and life stages: The **Growing** Phase lasts until the pig is **_80_** lbs. The **Finishing** Phase lasts until the pig is **_240_** lbs.

Question 29

In regards to feed and life stages: The feed for the Growing Phase has less of these two components

Answer 29

Growing phase: less milk and less protein

Question 30

In regards to feed and life stages: In gestating females and in boars, you want to avoid obesity and avoid emaciation. If too fat, the boar may become ________ from increased fat around the testicles.

Answer 30

sterile

Question 31

In regards to feed and life stages: The ideal body condition score (1 - 5) during lactation and at weaning is \_\_\_\_\_, where the backbone is just barely palpable

Answer 31

BCS = 3

Question 32

In regards to feed and gestating females: \_\_\_\_\_\_\_ means to increase the energy intake by 50% prior to breeding.

Answer 32

Flushing

Question 33

In regards to feed and gestating females: Flushing works in gilts but NOT in sows to increase the rate of \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_

Answer 33

ovulation

Question 34

A pig that has not yet farrowed (birthed piglets) is known as a

Answer 34

Gilt

Question 35

In regards to feed and gestating females: Once a sow farrows (births a litter of piglets), she is fed \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ until the piglets wean

Answer 35

ad lib

Question 36

In regards to feed and gestating females: Flushing must start _________ before breeding and stop right after \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_

Answer 36

Flushing must start **_2 weeks_** before breeding and stop right after **_mating_** *this increases the ovulation rate and the number of pregnancies*

Question 37

Flushing must start 2 weeks before breeding and stop right after mating. If feeding at a higher rate continues, there will be a higher rate of \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_

Answer 37

embryonic mortality

Question 38

In regards to feed and gestating females: \_\_\_\_\_\_\_ is the number of litters a sow has.

Answer 38

Parity *Low parity eat smaller, slower meals per day*

Question 39

In regards to feed and gestating females: When is feed consumption maximized?

Answer 39

During lactation! *For milk production and rebreeding*

Question 40

\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ is a problem in baby pigs which is why you cut them off at birth

Answer 40

Tail-biting

Question 41

Keep sows in ________ crates so they cannot roll over on top of the baby pigs

Answer 41

Farrowing crates